Head of Research, IPOs & Placements, Aequitas Research

Sumeet Singh

Head of Research, IPOs & Placements

IPOs and Placements coverage across Asia Pacific

Aequitas Research

We cover all listing across the Asia Pacific along with follow-up placements. As of Dec 2020, our team had covered 539 IPOs with a hit rate of 73.5% and 685 placements with a hit rate of 66.8%.

We combine fundamental bottom-up views with our proprietary quantitative framework to provide a holistic coverage across new listings and placements. Our coverage includes pre-IPO notes before the deal is launched, follow-up analysis once the deal is live and post-listing trading analysis as well.

Equity Capital Markets

GoTo Gojek Tokopedia Tbk PT / Equity Capital Markets

<ul>
<li>GoTo aims to raise around US$1.25bn from a local listing, which will mainly be targeted at domestic investors. </li>
<li>GoTo, is an Indonesian holding company, was formed in May 2021 as a result of a merger between Gojek, leading player in ride hailing, and Tokopedia, leading e-commerce player.</li>
<li>In this note, we will talk about the company's valuation.</li>
</ul>


GoTo aims to raise around US$1.25bn from a local listing, which will mainly be targeted at domestic investors. 
GoTo, is an Indonesian holding company, was formed in May 2021 as a result of a merger between Gojek, leading player in ride hailing, and Tokopedia, leading e-commerce player.
In this note, we will talk about the company's valuation.


GoTo IPO - Valuation - Missed the Tide, Boat Won’t Rise

Equity Analyst, LightStream Research

Oshadhi Kumarasiri

Equity Analyst

Long-Short Analysis on Japan, Asia and the World

LightStream Research

LightStream conducts quantitatively rigorous and data-driven analysis with a focus on Japan and Asia.

We consistently cover the Tech, Consumer and Industrial sectors, and provide ECM and Events coverage more broadly.

We supplement traditional qualitative insights from company relationships with a robust quantitative foundation that examines as much historical data as is available.
We further refine the accuracy of our insights and calls through the use of alternative data to flesh out current trends, and through a valuation framework that emphasises non-superficial peer group selection and a proper attempt to understand the metrics and changes that have driven security valuations in the past.

Equity Bottom-Up

<ul>
<li>It was reported yesterday that the Chinese venture capitalist, Neil Shen who heads Sequoia Capital China has decided to trim his personal investments in <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/pinduoduo-inc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:27250:1" rel="noopener">Pinduoduo (PDD US)</a> and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/meituan-dianping" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:26970:1" rel="noopener">Meituan (3690 HK)</a>, two of the most successful investments that propelled his personal net worth to over $4.0bn.</li>
<li>We think the exit of high profile Chinese investors who has on the ground knowledge of Chinese politics (amidst the regulatory scrutiny and Xi’s push for common prosperity) could rattle both domestic and overseas investors. Meanwhile, Pinduoduo’s valuation multiples have significant further downside risk, possibly prolonging the weakness that lasted since March 2021.</li>
</ul>


It was reported yesterday that the Chinese venture capitalist, Neil Shen who heads Sequoia Capital China has decided to trim his personal investments in Pinduoduo (PDD US) and Meituan (3690 HK), two of the most successful investments that propelled his personal net worth to over $4.0bn.
We think the exit of high profile Chinese investors who has on the ground knowledge of Chinese politics (amidst the regulatory scrutiny and Xi’s push for common prosperity) could rattle both domestic and overseas investors. Meanwhile, Pinduoduo’s valuation multiples have significant further downside risk, possibly prolonging the weakness that lasted since March 2021.


Pinduoduo: Foreign Investors Could Panic as VC Chief Trims His Holdings

Forensic Analyst

Jason Yap, CFA

Forensic Accounting

The State Administration for Market Regulation, China's antitrust regulator, imposed a fine of RMB3.4 billion (USD530 million) on food delivery group <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/meituan-dianping" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:26970:1" rel="noopener">Meituan (3690 HK)</a> for abusing its market position and ordered the company to rectify its operations.Amongst other required remedial actions, Meituan was ordered to return deposit money to merchants. Merchant had reportedly used deposits, algorithms, and data to ensure that its restaurant merchants remained loyal to the platform, according to an <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/8862b118-75ad-45b1-85df-b3fa09d26ac3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">FT article</a>. This begs the question. Why are merchant deposits required by e-commerce companies like Meituan, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/alibaba-group" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:28434:1" rel="noopener">Alibaba Group (9988 HK)</a> and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/pinduoduo-inc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:27250:1" rel="noopener">Pinduoduo (PDD US)</a>? After all, most of the merchant transactions are 3P, which means the platforms do not carry any inventory risk and therefore do not need merchant deposits to offset risks. Could it be to increase switching costs or even to hold merchants ransom as the FT article suggests. In this Insight, we discuss how merchant deposits and merchant payables have been used as a means to pad operating cashflows (even though they are not strictly free cashflows), particularly for fast growing e-commerce platforms.Further, we have seen the "walled gardens" of China's tech giants <a href="https://www.scmp.com/tech/big-tech/article/3148572/big-techs-walled-gardens-start-crack-tencent-vows-follow-beijings" target="_blank" rel="noopener">start to crack</a> - in other words, merchants can freely switch platforms taking away merchant deposits with them, which could potentially affect cashflows.

The State Administration for Market Regulation, China's antitrust regulator, imposed a fine of RMB3.4 billion (USD530 million) on food delivery group Meituan (3690 HK) for abusing its market position and ordered the company to rectify its operations.Amongst other required remedial actions, Meituan was ordered to return deposit money to merchants. Merchant had reportedly used deposits, algorithms, and data to ensure that its restaurant merchants remained loyal to the platform, according to an FT article. This begs the question. Why are merchant deposits required by e-commerce companies like Meituan, Alibaba Group (9988 HK) and Pinduoduo (PDD US)? After all, most of the merchant transactions are 3P, which means the platforms do not carry any inventory risk and therefore do not need merchant deposits to offset risks. Could it be to increase switching costs or even to hold merchants ransom as the FT article suggests. In this Insight, we discuss how merchant deposits and merchant payables have been used as a means to pad operating cashflows (even though they are not strictly free cashflows), particularly for fast growing e-commerce platforms.Further, we have seen the "walled gardens" of China's tech giants start to crack - in other words, merchants can freely switch platforms taking away merchant deposits with them, which could potentially affect cashflows.  

Merchant Deposits and Payables to Pad Cashflows - Who's Culpable?

In Q1 2021, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/jd-com-inc-adr" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:446:1" rel="noopener">JD.com Inc (ADR) (JD US)</a> reported strong topline growth (+39% yoy) that exceeded consensus expectations mainly due to strong user growth (+29% yoy), with more than 500 million reported Annual Active Users (AAU).  Out of which, 80% new active users came from lower tier cities, which reflects JD's strategy shift to target the fast growing lower tier markets (下沉市场) through its newly formed Jingxi business group. 
As JD continues its transition from the largest retail company in China (by revenue) to a supply chain-based technology and service provider, we can likely expect a moderated revenue growth for its core JD Retail business and incremental investments in New Initiatives and its logistics and fulfillment capabilities, with a key focus on Jingxi.
In Q1 2021, JD announced that Jingxi related businesses, will be carved out from JD Retail and reported under the New Businesses segment.  Having grown to a certain size, the change in reporting segment is not a jingxi or surprise. Instead, JD has been telegraphing the growing role of Jingxi and, more broadly, the moderating pace of growth of its core businesses in mature markets during recent quarter-end earnings calls and in related disclosures.   
This article discusses how to analyse earnings calls and disclosures using a forensic approach, with a view to gain relevant insights on JD's future prospects.

In Q1 2021, JD.com Inc (ADR) (JD US) reported strong topline growth (+39% yoy) that exceeded consensus expectations mainly due to strong user growth (+29% yoy), with more than 500 million reported Annual Active Users (AAU).  Out of which, 80% new active users came from lower tier cities, which reflects JD's strategy shift to target the fast growing lower tier markets (下沉市场) through its newly formed Jingxi business group. 
As JD continues its transition from the largest retail company in China (by revenue) to a supply chain-based technology and service provider, we can likely expect a moderated revenue growth for its core JD Retail business and incremental investments in New Initiatives and its logistics and fulfillment capabilities, with a key focus on Jingxi.
In Q1 2021, JD announced that Jingxi related businesses, will be carved out from JD Retail and reported under the New Businesses segment.  Having grown to a certain size, the change in reporting segment is not a jingxi or surprise. Instead, JD has been telegraphing the growing role of Jingxi and, more broadly, the moderating pace of growth of its core businesses in mature markets during recent quarter-end earnings calls and in related disclosures.   
This article discusses how to analyse earnings calls and disclosures using a forensic approach, with a view to gain relevant insights on JD's future prospects. 

JD - Analysing Earnings Calls and Disclosures Using a Forensic Approach

In the wake of Alibaba’s below consensus earnings, PDD’s upcoming Q2 2021 results would be informative for investors to ascertain whether there is a sector wide slowdown or PDD benefits as Alibaba relinquishes market share in response to anti-monopoly pressures.
While PDD reported a respectable Q1 2021 performance, there are early signs of a financial and operational performance slowdown if we examine the sequential quarter on quarter financial and operating metrics and operating cashflows, and Q2 2021 results can confirm (or debunk) these preliminarily observed trends.  Further, Q2 2021 results will provide insight as to whether PDD’s asset-heavy strategy for Duo Duo Grocery (DDG) and logistics and fulfilment infrastructure yields any tangible results or instead, becomes a longer term drag on earnings.
We examine these issues and highlight key factors to watch in PDD's upcoming Q2 2021 results.

In the wake of Alibaba’s below consensus earnings, PDD’s upcoming Q2 2021 results would be informative for investors to ascertain whether there is a sector wide slowdown or PDD benefits as Alibaba relinquishes market share in response to anti-monopoly pressures.
While PDD reported a respectable Q1 2021 performance, there are early signs of a financial and operational performance slowdown if we examine the sequential quarter on quarter financial and operating metrics and operating cashflows, and Q2 2021 results can confirm (or debunk) these preliminarily observed trends.  Further, Q2 2021 results will provide insight as to whether PDD’s asset-heavy strategy for Duo Duo Grocery (DDG) and logistics and fulfilment infrastructure yields any tangible results or instead, becomes a longer term drag on earnings.
We examine these issues and highlight key factors to watch in PDD's upcoming Q2 2021 results.  

Pinduoduo - Q2 2021 Preview Through a Forensic Lens

China

JD.com Inc is an online direct sales company in China.  The Company offers a wide selection of products through its website and mobile applications.  JD.com sells appliances, computers, digital products, communication products, garments, books, and household items to consumers and vendors.

Alibaba Group Holding Limited provides online sales services. The Company provides internet infrastructure, electronic commerce, online financial, and internet content services through its subsidiaries. Alibaba Group Holding offers its products and services worldwide.

Prosus N.V. provides internet based services. The Company focuses on investments in internet, digital media, e-commerce retailing, and consumer internet companies. Prosus serves customers worldwide.

Hainan Island Construction Co Ltd.  is a property development company. The Company also operates regional malls and hotels.

Guangzhou Friendship Group Co., Ltd operates supermarkets and department stores in Guangzhou, China.  The Company sells a variety of consumer products, including apparel, food and beverages, electronics, jewelry, cosmetics, and electric appliances.  Guangzhou Friendship also leases real estate properties.

Guangzhou Friendship Group Co, Ltd. (000987 CH)

Golden Eagle Retail Group Limited operates department stores in China. The Company's stores target mid-range and high-end market segments in China, and contain various functions and amenities such as dining, entertainment, beauty and personal care, cinemas, and preschool education in addition to their core function as an international department store.

Tianjin Quanye Bazaar (Group) Co., Ltd. owns and operates department stores and supermarkets, as well as sells general merchandise on a wholesale basis. Tianjin Quanye also provides storage and cargo delivery services, and invests in real estate and interior decoration businesses.

Xian International Medical Investment Co Ltd is principally engaged in the medical services industry.

Xian International Medical Invest (000516 CH)

Wangfujing Group Co., Ltd. owns and operates department stores in Beijing, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Wuhan, and other cities in China.  The Company also develops residential real estate.

Dollar General Corporation operates a chain of discount retail stores located primarily in the southern, southwestern, midwestern, and eastern United States. The Company offer a broad selection of merchandise, including consumable products such as food, paper and cleaning products, health, beauty, pet supplies, and non-consumables such as seasonal merchandise.

Trent Limited operates a chain of retail stores that sell fashion apparel, cosmetics, perfumery products and toiletry items. The Company sells apparel for men, women and children. Trent sells its cosmetics products under the "Westside" and "Trent" brand names.

Dollar Tree, Inc. operates a discount variety store chain in the United States. The Company sells an assortment of everyday general merchandise at the $1.00 price point.

Pan Pacific International Holdings Corporation operates discount stores which sell consumer electronics, daily necessities, groceries, watches, and sporting goods. The Company mostly operates small scale stores based in Tokyo.

Pan Pacific International Holdings (7532 JP)

Target Corporation operates general merchandise discount stores. The Company focuses on merchandising operations which includes general merchandise and food discount stores and a fully integrated online business. Target also offers credit to qualified applicants through its branded proprietary credit cards.

Naspers Limited operates in the technology industry. The Company invests in global internet companies across the world.

Next Plc conducts retailing, home shopping, and customer services management operations.  The Company's retail stores sell ladies wear, mens wear, childrens wear, and housewares.

Avenue Supermarts Ltd. (ASL) owns and operates hypermarkets and supermarkets. The Company offers products such as garments, footwears, toys and games, bed and bath linen, stationery, grocery, household, and electronic products. ASL operates throughout India.

Dollarama Inc. operates as an online marketplace. The Company offers cleaning, school, office, home, kitchen, food, health, beauty, hardware, electronics, toys, and pets products, as well as provides delivery services. Dollarama serves customers in Canada.

MercadoLibre, Inc. operates an online trading site for the Latin American markets. The Company's website allows businesses and individuals to list items, conduct sales, and purchases online in either a fixed-price and auction format. MercadoLibre offers classified advertisements for motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, and real estate, as well as online payment services.

PDD Holdings Inc. is a multinational commerce group that owns and operates a portfolio of businesses. The Company focuses on digital economy so that local communities and small businesses can benefit from the increased productivity and new opportunities. PDD Holdings has built a network of sourcing, logistics, and fulfillment capabilities for its underlying businesses.

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PDD Holdings (PDD US)

GoTo IPO - Valuation - Missed the Tide, Boat Won’t Rise

GoTo aims to raise around US$1.25bn from a local listing, which will mainly be targeted at domestic investors. In this note, we talk about its...

Sumeet Singh

Pinduoduo: Foreign Investors Could Panic as VC Chief Trims His Holdings

We think the exit of high profile Chinese investors who has on the ground knowledge of Chinese politics could rattle both domestic and overseas...

Oshadhi Kumarasiri

Merchant Deposits and Payables to Pad Cashflows - Who's Culpable?

Merchant deposits and merchant payables have been used to pad operating cashflows (even though they are not free cashflows), particularly for fast...

Jason Yap, CFA

JD - Analysing Earnings Calls and Disclosures Using a Forensic Approach

JD has at times revised disclosures possibly to conceal growth or margin weakness. We discuss how to analyse earnings calls and disclosures using a...

Jason Yap, CFA

Pinduoduo - Q2 2021 Preview Through a Forensic Lens

PDD’s upcoming Q2 2021 results could help investors better understand e-commerce sector and company trends, such as GMV and revenue growth. We...

Jason Yap, CFA

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