Technical Analyst, Vermilion Research

Joe Jasper

Technical Analyst

Technical and Quantitative Research

Vermilion Research

Vermilion’s objective is to deliver timely, actionable, and unique technical research to professional investors through the application of our various technical indicators.

Our research strategists seek to highlight securities which we believe are at major inflection points, based on our various technical and quantitative indicators, and offer asymmetric risk/return profiles. Our unique research methodology, centered on relative strength, enables our strategists to deliver superior investment recommendations.

Our process begins by organizing the universe of actively traded stocks into discrete sectors, then into industry groups. We then apply our technical and quantitative tools to identify developing price trends. Once attractive trends are identified within a selected sector or group, we screen for individual stocks which we believe offer the best risk/reward profile. We provide a historical perspective that often reveals, through our long-term charts, how price patterns often repeat themselves over time.

Technical Analysis

<p>Our outlook remains unchanged as the weight of the evidence continues to suggest a mixed, but overall constructive market. Cyclical value Sectors continue to be our favorite areas to overweight (i.e., Energy, Materials, Manufacturing, and Transportation), while defensive Sectors also continue to be worth a look (i.e., Staples, Health Care, and Real Estate). </p>

Our outlook remains unchanged as the weight of the evidence continues to suggest a mixed, but overall constructive market. Cyclical value Sectors continue to be our favorite areas to overweight (i.e., Energy, Materials, Manufacturing, and Transportation), while defensive Sectors also continue to be worth a look (i.e., Staples, Health Care, and Real Estate). 

Global Equity Strategy: Value Remains Leadership But Defensives Improving

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist, LightStream Research

Campbell Gunn

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist

Long-Short Analysis on Japan, Asia and the World

LightStream Research

LightStream conducts quantitatively rigorous and data-driven analysis with a focus on Japan and Asia.

We consistently cover the Tech, Consumer and Industrial sectors, and provide ECM and Events coverage more broadly.

We supplement traditional qualitative insights from company relationships with a robust quantitative foundation that examines as much historical data as is available.
We further refine the accuracy of our insights and calls through the use of alternative data to flesh out current trends, and through a valuation framework that emphasises non-superficial peer group selection and a proper attempt to understand the metrics and changes that have driven security valuations in the past.

Thematic (Sector/Industry)

<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>• EARNINGS MOMENTUM TURNS POSITIVE •</strong></p><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/535/original/2021-02-14_09-01-24.png?1613260898" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188535"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source for all charts &amp; tables: Japan Analytics</div></section><p><strong>POSITIVE EARNINGS MOMENTUM</strong> - For the first time in just over one year and driven by a strong recovery in the index-heavy <strong>Auto</strong> Sector, our Market Composite Results &amp; Revision Score - a measure of earnings momentum - has turned positive. Meanwhile, the Cabinet Office Leading Indicator of Business Conditions which is indexed to August 2015, has yet to rise above 100 and declined by 120 basis points for December.</p><section class="figure"><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/537/original/2021-02-14_08-23-29.png?1613262285" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188537"></figure></section><p><strong>SECTOR BREAKDOWN</strong> - The leading Sectors, as measured by the change in Results &amp; Revision Score, are<strong> Other Commercial Products</strong>, <strong>Autos</strong>, <strong>Metals</strong>, <strong>Building Materials</strong>, and <strong>Other Consumer Products</strong>. The laggards are <strong>Utilities</strong>, <strong>Internet</strong>, <strong>Food</strong>, <strong>Beverages &amp; Tobacco</strong>, <strong>Retail</strong>, and <strong>Commercial Services</strong>. As in other markets, cyclicals leading the recovery, and, as a result, driving Japan's indices to new multi-decade highs.</p>
<section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/538/original/2021-02-14_08-22-44.png?1613262793" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188538"></figure></section><p><strong>FORWARD VALUATIONS</strong> - While the trailing Market Composite PER remain above 30 times,  a ¥7.6 trillion increase in forecast Net Income from the low point if 2020, has reduced the forward multiple to 28.2 times. By the end of May, most March year-end companies will have made forecasts for the year to March 2022 - a decline to below 25 times is likely, assuming Total Market Value is at current levels.</p>
<section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/539/original/2021-02-14_08-14-17.png?1613262839" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188539"></figure></section><p><strong>ALL-TIME US$ HIGH &lt;10% AWAY</strong> - While much is being written about the new thirty-year high for the TOPIX index, many will have missed the proximity of TOPIX in US dollars terms to a new all-time high, which would occur with a combined 9.5% increase in the equity market and the Yen. A 4.3% rise in TOPIX and a USDJPY rate of 100 is all that is required and would be a welcome feather in the cap of the recently beleaguered PM Suga's cap. </p>
<section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/540/original/2021-02-14_10-05-46.png?1613264814" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188540"></figure></section><p><strong>RSI &gt;80</strong> - Tempering the current bullishness are the RSI of over 80 and a Toraku index close to 120. Both suggest near-term caution is warranted.</p>
<section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/541/original/2021-02-14_10-15-17.png?1613265332" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188541"></figure></section><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/542/original/2021-02-14_10-20-42.png?1613265721" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188542"></figure></section><hr></section><p style="text-align: center;"><br><strong>• RESULTS &amp; REVISIONS SUMMARY - 12th FEBRUARY •</strong></p><div><p>Of Friday's 723 results announcements, 64% scored positively for earnings momentum despite trailing revenues falling by 3% on average and a 3.9 point decline in operating margins. 17% of companies were in the red for the quarter.  63% of the 360 annual forecasts/revision announcements scored positively, and the average Forecast/Revision score was +10.3 points.</p></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><strong>• BEST &amp; WORST •</strong></p></div><div>
<p>The 'best' larger-cap announcements came from <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/yamaha-motor-co-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:7411:1" rel="noopener">Yamaha Motor (7272 JP)</a>,  <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/japan-post-bank-co-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:838:1" rel="noopener">Japan Post Bank (7182 JP)</a>, and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/toppan-printing-co-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:11875:1" rel="noopener">Toppan Printing (7911 JP)</a>; the 'worst' were from <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/otsuka-holdings-co-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:12292:1" rel="noopener">Otsuka Holdings (4578 JP)</a>, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/sumitomo-dainippon-pharma-co" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:1935:1" rel="noopener">Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma (4506 JP)</a>, and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/lion-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:16576:1" rel="noopener">Lion (4912 JP)</a>.  <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/pola-orbis-holdings-inc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:2287:1" rel="noopener">Pola Orbis (4927 JP)</a> and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/asahi-group-holdings-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:10482:1" rel="noopener">Asahi Group (2502 JP)</a> take the prizes for optimism.  For more, see the <strong>DETAIL</strong> section below.</p>
<section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/605/original/2021-02-15_06-00-48.png?1613336460" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188605"></figure></section><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/606/original/2021-02-15_06-01-37.png?1613336511" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188606"></figure></section><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/608/original/2021-02-15_06-05-12.png?1613336726" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188608"></figure></section><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/610/original/2021-02-15_06-05-57.png?1613336771" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188610"></figure></section><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/611/original/2021-02-15_06-06-35.png?1613336808" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188611"></figure></section><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/612/original/2021-02-15_06-07-12.png?1613336846" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188612"></figure></section><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/613/original/2021-02-15_06-10-36.png?1613337047" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188613"></figure></section><section class="figure"><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/188/615/original/2021-02-15_06-11-21.png?1613337091" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="188615"></figure></section><p></p>
</div>

• EARNINGS MOMENTUM TURNS POSITIVE •Source for all charts &amp; tables: Japan AnalyticsPOSITIVE EARNINGS MOMENTUM - For the first time in just over one year and driven by a strong recovery in the index-heavy Auto Sector, our Market Composite Results &amp; Revision Score - a measure of earnings momentum - has turned positive. Meanwhile, the Cabinet Office Leading Indicator of Business Conditions which is indexed to August 2015, has yet to rise above 100 and declined by 120 basis points for December.SECTOR BREAKDOWN - The leading Sectors, as measured by the change in Results &amp; Revision Score, are Other Commercial Products, Autos, Metals, Building Materials, and Other Consumer Products. The laggards are Utilities, Internet, Food, Beverages &amp; Tobacco, Retail, and Commercial Services. As in other markets, cyclicals leading the recovery, and, as a result, driving Japan's indices to new multi-decade highs.
FORWARD VALUATIONS - While the trailing Market Composite PER remain above 30 times,  a ¥7.6 trillion increase in forecast Net Income from the low point if 2020, has reduced the forward multiple to 28.2 times. By the end of May, most March year-end companies will have made forecasts for the year to March 2022 - a decline to below 25 times is likely, assuming Total Market Value is at current levels.
ALL-TIME US$ HIGH &lt;10% AWAY - While much is being written about the new thirty-year high for the TOPIX index, many will have missed the proximity of TOPIX in US dollars terms to a new all-time high, which would occur with a combined 9.5% increase in the equity market and the Yen. A 4.3% rise in TOPIX and a USDJPY rate of 100 is all that is required and would be a welcome feather in the cap of the recently beleaguered PM Suga's cap. 
RSI &gt;80 - Tempering the current bullishness are the RSI of over 80 and a Toraku index close to 120. Both suggest near-term caution is warranted.
 • RESULTS &amp; REVISIONS SUMMARY - 12th FEBRUARY •Of Friday's 723 results announcements, 64% scored positively for earnings momentum despite trailing revenues falling by 3% on average and a 3.9 point decline in operating margins. 17% of companies were in the red for the quarter.  63% of the 360 annual forecasts/revision announcements scored positively, and the average Forecast/Revision score was +10.3 points.• BEST &amp; WORST •
The 'best' larger-cap announcements came from Yamaha Motor (7272 JP),  Japan Post Bank (7182 JP), and Toppan Printing (7911 JP); the 'worst' were from Otsuka Holdings (4578 JP), Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma (4506 JP), and Lion (4912 JP).  Pola Orbis (4927 JP) and Asahi Group (2502 JP) take the prizes for optimism.  For more, see the DETAIL section below.



🇯🇵 JAPAN • Market & Results & Revisions Update 02/12 • Yamaha Motor, J Post Bank, Otsuka & Lion

<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/139/255/original/2020-06-11_08-36-54.png?1591832240" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="139255"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source: Japan Analytics</div><p><strong>STRESS TESTS</strong> - This Insight is the first in a series that will use a variety of standard and less-frequently used 'stress-tests' to look through the current euphoria and assess where business risk is concentrated among larger Japanese companies. According to Tokyo Shoko Research, 171 listed Japanese firms have raised nearly ¥10 trillion in new funds to weather COVID-19.</p><p><strong>ALTMAN Z-SCORES</strong> - The first Insight will update our earlier Who's<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/insights/japan-who-s-swimming-naked-part-2-altman-z-score" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="insights:37316" rel="noopener"> Swimming Naked?</a> Insight and focus on the Altman Z-Score as updated for the most recent quarterly results for both manufacturing and non-manufacturing companies.  In each category, ee will look at both the companies that are below Altman's 'distress' levels and those companies that have the most significant negative deviation from their seven-year average score. Only six of the bottom-thirty manufacturing and five of the bottom-thirty manufacturing companies have outperformed over one year. Many are already Oversold and offer potential value opportunities -as with <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/nissan-motor-co-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:72:1" rel="noopener">Nissan Motor (7201 JP)</a> which is now as distressed as when Carlos Ghosn first arrived.  </p><p><strong>QUASI-FINANCIAL FIRMS</strong> - The Z-Score methodology does not work for financial firms. Accordingly, five non-financial companies which have significant financial subsidiaries - <strong> <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/rakuten-inc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:31:1" rel="noopener">Rakuten (4755 JP)</a></strong>,<strong> <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/z-holdings-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:19603:1" rel="noopener">Z Holdings (4689 JP)</a></strong>, <strong><a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/japan-post-holdings-co-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:359:1" rel="noopener">Japan Post (6178 JP)</a></strong>, <strong><a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/softbank-group-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:315:1" rel="noopener">Softbank Group (9984 JP)</a></strong> and <strong><a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/sony-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:563:1" rel="noopener">Sony (6758 JP)</a></strong>- have been excluded from this analysis. </p>

Source: Japan AnalyticsSTRESS TESTS - This Insight is the first in a series that will use a variety of standard and less-frequently used 'stress-tests' to look through the current euphoria and assess where business risk is concentrated among larger Japanese companies. According to Tokyo Shoko Research, 171 listed Japanese firms have raised nearly ¥10 trillion in new funds to weather COVID-19.ALTMAN Z-SCORES - The first Insight will update our earlier Who's Swimming Naked? Insight and focus on the Altman Z-Score as updated for the most recent quarterly results for both manufacturing and non-manufacturing companies.  In each category, ee will look at both the companies that are below Altman's 'distress' levels and those companies that have the most significant negative deviation from their seven-year average score. Only six of the bottom-thirty manufacturing and five of the bottom-thirty manufacturing companies have outperformed over one year. Many are already Oversold and offer potential value opportunities -as with Nissan Motor (7201 JP) which is now as distressed as when Carlos Ghosn first arrived.  QUASI-FINANCIAL FIRMS - The Z-Score methodology does not work for financial firms. Accordingly, five non-financial companies which have significant financial subsidiaries -  Rakuten (4755 JP), Z Holdings (4689 JP), Japan Post (6178 JP), Softbank Group (9984 JP) and Sony (6758 JP)- have been excluded from this analysis. 

🇯🇵 JAPAN - Stress Tests Part 1 - Altman Z-Scores

Pan-Asia Catalysts/Events, Quiddity Advisors

Travis Lundy

Pan-Asia Catalysts/Events

Quiddity Advisors

Quantitative Analysis

<p>The GPIF is the world's largest pension fund at what was $1.6 trillion-plus at the end of December 2019. </p><p>The management of the GPIF has made remarkable strides in recent years, moving towards market targets for returns of all assets (no more FILP bonds), creating a win-win profitability structure for active managers on multi-year mandates (up to five to seven years it seems), and demanding accountability on stewardship policies and efforts. </p><p>In March 2010, the GPIF lowered its domestic bond portfolio bogey from 67% to 60% (which was good because it was already there),  and raised its domestic equity, foreign bond, and foreign equity allocation mix midpoints to 12%/11%/12% from 11%/8%/9%. Short Term Assets were set at 5%. </p><p>In June 2013, they realized they needed to be more aggressive, and so the GPIF spent more than a year studying the problem, having experts in, looking at allocation mixes and trying to be more professional about assessing their liability profile and curve, and decided in October 2014 to implement a much different mix, moving domestic bonds to 35% ±10%, domestic equities to 25% ±9%, foreign bonds to 15% ±4%, and foreign equities to 25% ±8%. There was no bogey for Short Term Assets, but that was assumed to be wrapped up in the domestic bonds portion as a concept.</p><p>That meant buying equities, and they did.</p><p>They had already been buying and by the time they announced the new policy in October 2014 officially, they had already gone through the old limits on domestic equities and were at 18.2% (the old upper limit was 18.0%). It took them until March 2015 to get to 22%, and by June they were at 23.4%. </p><p>Basically, they then let it ride, with some small changes here and there. The big changes were constant reductions in the domestic bond allocation. However in FY15 (year to March 2016) there was an episode of equity buying. That is probably something those interested in flows should study now. </p><p>The GPIF is currently said to be in the process of conducting an Investment Policy Review. The lead-up to this has seen a number of changes which hint at what could come.</p><ol>
<li>
<strong>The GPIF has become very ESG-focussed.</strong> Some of that is the G portion where they talk about being long-term investors, and they have made it mandatory for their investment managers to have a stewardship policy and report on how they execute that policy. They are also looking very much at the longer-term, and CIO Mizuno has blasted short-sellers and any number of other market participants for being short-term (I had issues with a bunch of the comments reported in the FT so got a <a href="https://ftalphaville.ft.com/2020/01/14/1579000419000/The-GPIF-and-the-complexity-of-stewardship/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">letter to Alphaville</a> published - Thanks Jamie!).</li>
<li><strong>The GPIF has started looking at real estate.</strong></li>
<li>
<strong>The GPIF has decided that foreign credit which is yen-hedged can be put into the domestic bonds allocation bucket.</strong> This means a higher allocation to foreign issuer risk than the old limit.</li>
<li>
<strong>The GPIF has stopped lending stocks.</strong> This reduces fee income to passive portfolios (foreign equity, as domestic equity lending has never been done, or at least not in many, many years) but it means more pressure on company management.</li>
<li>
<strong>The GPIF has changed the way contracts work for active managers.</strong> The base concept, according to interviews and articles, is that the active manager gets the same very low management fee on AUM as a passive manager does, but the active manager shares in the upside over the life of the contract, which will be "one market cycle" (i.e. five years, or seven years, or whatever they settle on with the GPIF). This should, ceteris paribus, lead to further outperformance. </li>
</ol><p>All of these things would, in my mind, point to a higher domestic equity allocation, a higher foreign bond allocation, and a shift to more active management and less passive management in domestic equities (last year the split was 90% passive 10% active). </p><p>But there are shorter-term factors investors should be looking at. </p><p>More discussion below.</p>

The GPIF is the world's largest pension fund at what was $1.6 trillion-plus at the end of December 2019. The management of the GPIF has made remarkable strides in recent years, moving towards market targets for returns of all assets (no more FILP bonds), creating a win-win profitability structure for active managers on multi-year mandates (up to five to seven years it seems), and demanding accountability on stewardship policies and efforts. In March 2010, the GPIF lowered its domestic bond portfolio bogey from 67% to 60% (which was good because it was already there),  and raised its domestic equity, foreign bond, and foreign equity allocation mix midpoints to 12%/11%/12% from 11%/8%/9%. Short Term Assets were set at 5%. In June 2013, they realized they needed to be more aggressive, and so the GPIF spent more than a year studying the problem, having experts in, looking at allocation mixes and trying to be more professional about assessing their liability profile and curve, and decided in October 2014 to implement a much different mix, moving domestic bonds to 35% ±10%, domestic equities to 25% ±9%, foreign bonds to 15% ±4%, and foreign equities to 25% ±8%. There was no bogey for Short Term Assets, but that was assumed to be wrapped up in the domestic bonds portion as a concept.That meant buying equities, and they did.They had already been buying and by the time they announced the new policy in October 2014 officially, they had already gone through the old limits on domestic equities and were at 18.2% (the old upper limit was 18.0%). It took them until March 2015 to get to 22%, and by June they were at 23.4%. Basically, they then let it ride, with some small changes here and there. The big changes were constant reductions in the domestic bond allocation. However in FY15 (year to March 2016) there was an episode of equity buying. That is probably something those interested in flows should study now. The GPIF is currently said to be in the process of conducting an Investment Policy Review. The lead-up to this has seen a number of changes which hint at what could come.

The GPIF has become very ESG-focussed. Some of that is the G portion where they talk about being long-term investors, and they have made it mandatory for their investment managers to have a stewardship policy and report on how they execute that policy. They are also looking very much at the longer-term, and CIO Mizuno has blasted short-sellers and any number of other market participants for being short-term (I had issues with a bunch of the comments reported in the FT so got a letter to Alphaville published - Thanks Jamie!).
The GPIF has started looking at real estate.

The GPIF has decided that foreign credit which is yen-hedged can be put into the domestic bonds allocation bucket. This means a higher allocation to foreign issuer risk than the old limit.

The GPIF has stopped lending stocks. This reduces fee income to passive portfolios (foreign equity, as domestic equity lending has never been done, or at least not in many, many years) but it means more pressure on company management.

The GPIF has changed the way contracts work for active managers. The base concept, according to interviews and articles, is that the active manager gets the same very low management fee on AUM as a passive manager does, but the active manager shares in the upside over the life of the contract, which will be "one market cycle" (i.e. five years, or seven years, or whatever they settle on with the GPIF). This should, ceteris paribus, lead to further outperformance. 
All of these things would, in my mind, point to a higher domestic equity allocation, a higher foreign bond allocation, and a shift to more active management and less passive management in domestic equities (last year the split was 90% passive 10% active). But there are shorter-term factors investors should be looking at. More discussion below.

Event-Driven

Hitachi Construction Machinery / Event-Driven

<p>With a relatively full slate of large value takeovers in Developed Asia in the past year - often by parents but also by buyout funds - and the availability of significant credit to finance such takeovers, this Smartkarma Original insight looks at what constitutes an attractive target for takeover, and seeks to construct a framework for screening and filtering companies for further study. </p>
<p>The filtering is conducted across two basic measures which seek to answer two basic questions:</p>
<ol>
<li>What might supply look like?</li>
<li>What might demand look like?</li>
</ol>
<p>The first basic problem with creating such filters is that on the Supply side, using databases to determine whether a controlling shareholder <em>wants</em> to sell is almost a lost cause from the beginning. But the exercise throws up some interesting case studies, and it is important to understand why such screening could lead to interesting results. </p>
<p>On the demand side, it is a difficult and complicated exercise because financial data moves around, shifting through time and relative price because competitors also shift in time and price. A clear example of a company which might have been "relatively" attractive vs peers a month ago might not be after the market ructions at the end of February 2020 when this was written. Prices were, of course, lower, which means that a good screening process is dynamic, both in relative and absolute measures. It is also somewhat difficult to create a one-size-fits-all screen for attractive targets because in certain countries, certain industries (telecom, airlines, social infrastructure, defence) are covered by foreign ownership limits, other industries (banks, brokers, insurers) rarely see leveraged buyouts, and takeovers in other industries (Chinese homebuilders) are, for lack of a better word, simply off the table at certain times.</p>
<p>In addition, there are lots of ways in which companies might present themselves as attractive targets. If someone controls a company, and wants to sell it cheaply, there are lots of potential buyers who will fall all over themselves to get in line to buy it. But companies can be attractive targets because of the potential for changing profit metrics and multiples through restructuring, asset reorganisation, industry reorganisation, or simply waiting for the cycle to change. </p>
<p>Using valuation metrics with a cutoff line can be challenging because common multiples such as PER, PCFR, PBR, EV/EBITDA may ignore significant value available from longer-term securities holdings, non-operating real estate assets which are not managed in optimal fashion, etc. </p>
<p>In short, screening can only go so far. But we try.</p>
<p>At the end, we take a brief look at 10 companies from Developed Asia which show up as a result of our screening efforts. The resulting list is dominated by Japanese companies because some of the companies which show up from other countries fit the "no-go" categories above (airlines, financial companies, defence technology subject to foreign ownership limits, Chinese homebuilders subject to skepticism, etc.). Some are also clearly Emerging Asia businesses with Developed Asia listings. Screening for Emerging Asia got a few companies which are high on anyone's target list, including one which saw an unsolicited takeover approach earlier this week (end-Feb 2020), and another which has been in acquisition mode for years. </p>
<p>We find the thinking process and screening technology has thrown up some <em>previously less-than-obvious</em> candidates which deserve further work.</p>

With a relatively full slate of large value takeovers in Developed Asia in the past year - often by parents but also by buyout funds - and the availability of significant credit to finance such takeovers, this Smartkarma Original insight looks at what constitutes an attractive target for takeover, and seeks to construct a framework for screening and filtering companies for further study. 
The filtering is conducted across two basic measures which seek to answer two basic questions:

What might supply look like?
What might demand look like?

The first basic problem with creating such filters is that on the Supply side, using databases to determine whether a controlling shareholder wants to sell is almost a lost cause from the beginning. But the exercise throws up some interesting case studies, and it is important to understand why such screening could lead to interesting results. 
On the demand side, it is a difficult and complicated exercise because financial data moves around, shifting through time and relative price because competitors also shift in time and price. A clear example of a company which might have been "relatively" attractive vs peers a month ago might not be after the market ructions at the end of February 2020 when this was written. Prices were, of course, lower, which means that a good screening process is dynamic, both in relative and absolute measures. It is also somewhat difficult to create a one-size-fits-all screen for attractive targets because in certain countries, certain industries (telecom, airlines, social infrastructure, defence) are covered by foreign ownership limits, other industries (banks, brokers, insurers) rarely see leveraged buyouts, and takeovers in other industries (Chinese homebuilders) are, for lack of a better word, simply off the table at certain times.
In addition, there are lots of ways in which companies might present themselves as attractive targets. If someone controls a company, and wants to sell it cheaply, there are lots of potential buyers who will fall all over themselves to get in line to buy it. But companies can be attractive targets because of the potential for changing profit metrics and multiples through restructuring, asset reorganisation, industry reorganisation, or simply waiting for the cycle to change. 
Using valuation metrics with a cutoff line can be challenging because common multiples such as PER, PCFR, PBR, EV/EBITDA may ignore significant value available from longer-term securities holdings, non-operating real estate assets which are not managed in optimal fashion, etc. 
In short, screening can only go so far. But we try.
At the end, we take a brief look at 10 companies from Developed Asia which show up as a result of our screening efforts. The resulting list is dominated by Japanese companies because some of the companies which show up from other countries fit the "no-go" categories above (airlines, financial companies, defence technology subject to foreign ownership limits, Chinese homebuilders subject to skepticism, etc.). Some are also clearly Emerging Asia businesses with Developed Asia listings. Screening for Emerging Asia got a few companies which are high on anyone's target list, including one which saw an unsolicited takeover approach earlier this week (end-Feb 2020), and another which has been in acquisition mode for years. 
We find the thinking process and screening technology has thrown up some previously less-than-obvious candidates which deserve further work.

Japan

Sosei Group Corporation is a holding company which was established through reorganization.  The Group companies are biopharmaceutical companies specializing in drug development.  Sosei Group enters into license agreements primarily with US, EU, and Japanese companies to market the licensed drugs in Japan and find alternative usage on such drugs.

TOWA PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. produces generic drugs mainly for elderly.  The Company also wholesales medicine and medical products of other pharmaceuticals.

KISSEI PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. manufactures and sells a variety of prescription drugs.  The Company's main products are for cholesterol, high blood pressure, digestion, allergy, circulatory and respiratory diseases, and Parkinson's disease.

KAKEN PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. develops, produces, and sells pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.  The Company's products are mainly for nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, sensory, and metabolic systems.  Kaken Pharmaceutical also manufactures antibiotics and feed additives.  The Company as well manufactures air purifiers and operates real estate business.

Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. produces and sells a variety of pharmaceuticals and skin care products.  The Company's main product is circulatory agents. Mochida Pharmaceutical also distributes medical instruments and equipment used for surgery and diagnosis.

TORII PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. produces and sells pharmaceuticals.  The Company promotes medical products of its parent company, Japan Tobacco. Torii Pharmaceutical operates building maintenance and management business as well as shipping business.

ZERIA PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. develops, manufactures, and markets a wide range of pharmaceutical products including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, health food products, and medical tools and appliances.  The Company also manufactures and wholesales cosmetics, soft drink, agrochemicals, and feed stuffs.

Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd. manufactures pharmaceutical and health foods products. The Company produces drugs for urinary, nerve, respiratory, and circulatory systems as well as analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs.  Nippon Shinyaku also develops synthetic anti-bacterial agents.

KYORIN Holdings, Inc. is a holding company who manages Kyorin Group including Kyorin Pharmaceutical.  The Group manufactures and distributes prescription medicine and quasi-drugs, and diagnostic drugs.  Kyorin also manufactures and markets medical tools and equipment, health foods, and cosmetics as well as developing  medical products with other pharmaceutical companies.

JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. develops, produces, and sells pharmaceutical products and raw materials.  The Company also sells equipment for hospital and laboratory use.  JCR Pharmaceuticals' products include drug for leukemic diseases and hormonal agents including genetically engineered human somatotrophic hormone (growth hormone) and gonadotropic hormone.

Strides Pharma Science Limited operates as a pharmaceutical company. The Company provides research and development of biotherapeutic drugs and devices including biosimilars, biobetters, novel formulations, and drug loaded devices.

Beijing Tong Ren Tang Chinese Medicine Co. Ltd. is a Chinese medicine manufacturer. The Company mainly develops and produces health products, including patent medicines and health-care products.

Beijing Tong Ren Tang Chinese Medicine (3613 HK)

Jianmin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. develops and manufactures Chinese traditi onal medicines. The Company's main products are pediatric medicines.

Collegium Pharmaceutical Inc. offers pharmaceutical products. The Company develops and commercializes prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceuticals for the treatment of central nervous system, respiratory, and skin related disorders.

Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. develops various kinds of medical drugs and vitamin supplements.  The Company's medical drugs are used in areas, such as cardiology, dermatology, anti-biotic, and many other medical areas.  Dae Woong's over-the-counter products include smoking deterrents, vitamins, and minerals.

Shandong Shanda WIT Science & Technology Co Ltd develops the Shandong University National University Technology Zone, manufactures chlorine dioxide generators, telecommunication network systems, industrial automatic control systems, as well as develops computer software.  The Company also produces medical products.

Shandong Shanda Wit Scienc & Tech (000915 CH)

Innoviva, Inc. is a healthcare focused asset management company. The Company intends to participate in the development, commercialization and financial management of bio-pharmaceuticals. Innoviva operates in the United States.

Xiamen Kingdomway Group Co produces and sells fortified food and feed additives. The Company's major products include Coenzyme A10, VA, VD3, microalgae DHA, vegitable ARA.

Marksans Pharma Limited manufactures active ingredients that are used to produce finished drugs.

Renhe Pharmacy Co., Ltd. engages in manufacturing of pharmaceuticals products, production and marketing of cardboard boxes, and development of computer software.

Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd. mainly manufactures and markets pharmaceuticals for human and veterinary use. The Company also produces and sells livestock feeds, food additives, and chemical products, as well as conducts clinical pathology tests for animals. Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma conducts businesses across worldwide.

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Sumitomo Pharma (4506 JP)

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