Alpha-Centric ESG Research

Kyle Rudden

Whether we call this a SPAC bubble that has burst or a SPAC bull-run "correcting" itself, one thing is clear – the global SPAC market is cooling off. Cooling off... but not dead. SPACs are likely to play a much larger role in global equity markets than they have historically, and Asia is poised to play a larger role within that larger global equity markets role. We are already seeing evidence of this.Specifically, the recent increase in SPAC-related interest and activity in Asia by: 1) SPAC sponsors (growing number of Asia-based sponsors and foreign SPACs seeking Asia-based targets), 2) Asia's unicorns (several have announced huge SPAC deals), and 3) Asia's financial exchanges (which are increasingly enabling local SPAC listings, such as Singapore Exchange's new framework).It is still too soon to call anything an Asia SPAC "boom," but the growth is tangible and immediate enough for optimism. It motivated me to finally write about a topic I have been meaning to cover – i.e., ESG issues related to the SPAC vehicle itself, as well as to how SPACs are applied in supporting sustainability-related tech startups (e.g., electric vehicles, batteries/storage, clean energy).

Whether we call this a SPAC bubble that has burst or a SPAC bull-run "correcting" itself, one thing is clear – the global SPAC market is cooling off. Cooling off... but not dead. SPACs are likely to play a much larger role in global equity markets than they have historically, and Asia is poised to play a larger role within that larger global equity markets role. We are already seeing evidence of this.Specifically, the recent increase in SPAC-related interest and activity in Asia by: 1) SPAC sponsors (growing number of Asia-based sponsors and foreign SPACs seeking Asia-based targets), 2) Asia's unicorns (several have announced huge SPAC deals), and 3) Asia's financial exchanges (which are increasingly enabling local SPAC listings, such as Singapore Exchange's new framework).It is still too soon to call anything an Asia SPAC "boom," but the growth is tangible and immediate enough for optimism. It motivated me to finally write about a topic I have been meaning to cover – i.e., ESG issues related to the SPAC vehicle itself, as well as to how SPACs are applied in supporting sustainability-related tech startups (e.g., electric vehicles, batteries/storage, clean energy).

SPACs and ESG: Issues Related to the SPAC Vehicle Itself and Sustainability Use Cases

Recent mainstreaming of sustainability and ESG-minded investing has spawned a superabundance of "green" investment products. Today's carte of mainstay ESG products – namely exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and mutual funds – is so saturated that most new products are just more of the same; perhaps with a minor new spin on an old ESG theme (low carbon, no carbon, efficient carbon).... solutions without problems in need of solving.Once in a while, something special comes along. Not just a new paint job on an old vehicle but an entirely new ESG asset class and product category. New tools for the ESG investor's toolbox. Such as <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/singapore-exchange-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:1047:1" rel="noopener">Singapore Exchange (SGX SP)</a> ESG futures, which enable ESG-tilted exposure in REITs via <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/sgx-nikkei-esg-reit-index-futures" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:33480:1" rel="noopener">SGX Nikkei ESG-REIT Index Futures (JRTA INDEX)</a>, and other ESG-related hedging and arbitrage.... solutions to real problems for "green" finance.One in a blue moon, something extraordinarily special comes along. Not just a new ESG asset class and product category, but a potential game-changer that disrupts and transforms sustainable/ESG investing and finance. In many ways, for many stakeholders. A remedy for the most universal and agonizing pain points for sustainable finance, and possibly the key to global sustainability.Nothing extraordinarily special has come along yet.Still too much uncertainty for grandiose adjectives.But last week's announcement from the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and Intrinsic Exchange Group (IEG) – regarding their new asset class called "Natural Asset Companies" (NACs) – portends that kind of blue-moon game-changer. NACs are still under development, with existential details still undetermined. But the potential impact of NACs is epic, for a rare trifecta of reasons:<ol>
<li>
Product/Market Fit: NACs make a lot of sense, and from what we know so far could be among the best (if not the best) product/market fits ever for new ESG asset class/product launches.</li>
<li>
Addressable Market: The potential market for NACs is huge due to the magnitude of natural capital, and broad relevance of NACs. It is a market potential measured in trillions of dollars.</li>
<li>
Perfect Partnership: NYSE/IEG is the partnership most likely to succeed at something such as  this; complementary skills sets, and with a well-developed product right out of the gate.</li>
</ol>

Recent mainstreaming of sustainability and ESG-minded investing has spawned a superabundance of "green" investment products. Today's carte of mainstay ESG products – namely exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and mutual funds – is so saturated that most new products are just more of the same; perhaps with a minor new spin on an old ESG theme (low carbon, no carbon, efficient carbon).... solutions without problems in need of solving.Once in a while, something special comes along. Not just a new paint job on an old vehicle but an entirely new ESG asset class and product category. New tools for the ESG investor's toolbox. Such as Singapore Exchange (SGX SP) ESG futures, which enable ESG-tilted exposure in REITs via SGX Nikkei ESG-REIT Index Futures (JRTA INDEX), and other ESG-related hedging and arbitrage.... solutions to real problems for "green" finance.One in a blue moon, something extraordinarily special comes along. Not just a new ESG asset class and product category, but a potential game-changer that disrupts and transforms sustainable/ESG investing and finance. In many ways, for many stakeholders. A remedy for the most universal and agonizing pain points for sustainable finance, and possibly the key to global sustainability.Nothing extraordinarily special has come along yet.Still too much uncertainty for grandiose adjectives.But last week's announcement from the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and Intrinsic Exchange Group (IEG) – regarding their new asset class called "Natural Asset Companies" (NACs) – portends that kind of blue-moon game-changer. NACs are still under development, with existential details still undetermined. But the potential impact of NACs is epic, for a rare trifecta of reasons:

Product/Market Fit: NACs make a lot of sense, and from what we know so far could be among the best (if not the best) product/market fits ever for new ESG asset class/product launches.

Addressable Market: The potential market for NACs is huge due to the magnitude of natural capital, and broad relevance of NACs. It is a market potential measured in trillions of dollars.

Perfect Partnership: NYSE/IEG is the partnership most likely to succeed at something such as  this; complementary skills sets, and with a well-developed product right out of the gate.


Natural Asset Companies (NACs): New ESG Asset Class Aims to Transform Sustainable Capital Markets

Silver Point

Thomas J. Monaco

Independent Insight Provider

Silver Point is a boutique research firm that focuses on the broader financial services sector, with a particular focus on troubled institutions globally. 

Asia Ex Japan

Equity Bottom-Up

*New Product Line: Hong Kong Exchanges &amp; Clearing (388.HK) [HKEX] has published a consultation paper seeking feedback on offering Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPAC) by October 31, 2021; and    *Not A Panacea: We do not believe that SPACs are the panacea which will resolve HKEX’s weakened revenue stream. Further, the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued accounting guidance for SPACs, calling warrant issuance by SPACs liabilities rather than equity instruments. This could disrupt new SPAC filings, and certainly throw a wrench into HKEX’s SPAC plans.

*New Product Line: Hong Kong Exchanges &amp; Clearing (388.HK) [HKEX] has published a consultation paper seeking feedback on offering Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPAC) by October 31, 2021; and    *Not A Panacea: We do not believe that SPACs are the panacea which will resolve HKEX’s weakened revenue stream. Further, the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued accounting guidance for SPACs, calling warrant issuance by SPACs liabilities rather than equity instruments. This could disrupt new SPAC filings, and certainly throw a wrench into HKEX’s SPAC plans.

Hong Kong Exchanges & Clearing – SPAC Time

*Creation of New Beijing Exchange: The establishment of a new Beijing Exchange will support small-to-medium sized enterprises (SME) exchange listings. The Beijing Exchange will only manage the highest-quality SMEs, with investment being made very accessible to small retail investors (minimum CNY 1 mn in liquid assets) – virtually ensuring success of the new Beijing Exchange; and
*HKEx Continues To Be Hollowed Out: Coupled with mainland China’s establishment of a new stock exchange to attract overseas-listed firms, mainland China continues to reinforce the notion that Shanghai will become the pre-eminent global financial center in Asia - limiting Hong Kong Exchanges &amp; Clearing’s (388.HK) [HKEx] ability to attract up and coming mainland Chinese IPOs over longer-term. In other words, if HKEx's mainland China story goes away so should HKEX’s exorbitant valuation.

*Creation of New Beijing Exchange: The establishment of a new Beijing Exchange will support small-to-medium sized enterprises (SME) exchange listings. The Beijing Exchange will only manage the highest-quality SMEs, with investment being made very accessible to small retail investors (minimum CNY 1 mn in liquid assets) – virtually ensuring success of the new Beijing Exchange; and
*HKEx Continues To Be Hollowed Out: Coupled with mainland China’s establishment of a new stock exchange to attract overseas-listed firms, mainland China continues to reinforce the notion that Shanghai will become the pre-eminent global financial center in Asia - limiting Hong Kong Exchanges &amp; Clearing’s (388.HK) [HKEx] ability to attract up and coming mainland Chinese IPOs over longer-term. In other words, if HKEx's mainland China story goes away so should HKEX’s exorbitant valuation.

Hong Kong Exchanges & Clearing – China Plays Long Game With HKEx

China and US Equity Analyst

Roger Xie

<ul>
<li>The long-awaited China A-share Index future finally received approval from regulators from both Hong Kong and China (<a href="https://www.hkex.com.hk/News/News-Release/2021/210820news?sc_lang=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener">news link</a>). The to-be-launched product is MSCI China A50 Connect Index, which is different from investors' expectation of MSCI China Index future. However, we still believe the move is a game changer for <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/hong-kong-exchanges-clearing" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:490:1" rel="noopener">HKEX (388 HK)</a> derivative business as investors' increasing exposure in China A-share cash equity market and index future. This will also put a direct competition pressure on <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/singapore-exchange-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:1047:1" rel="noopener">SGX (SGX SP)</a> as its popular FTSE A50 Index future accounting around 17% of its total revenue. We believe offshore investors would like to gradually shift their China A-share Index exposure to <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/hong-kong-exchanges-clearing" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:490:1" rel="noopener">HKEX (388 HK)</a> from <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/singapore-exchange-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:1047:1" rel="noopener">SGX (SGX SP)</a> </li>
<li>We estimate that ADV (Average Daily Volume) of MSCI China A50 Connect contract will be ramped up at 1.5-2.0x the volume of FTSE A50 at its launch, given the ADT (Average Daily Turnover) of stock connect northbound (China A-share cash equity market) has reached RMB 120bn. There is increasing demands from offshore investors for hedging and speculation. In a long-run, we believe ADV of MSCI China A50 could be more than 5x of ADV of FTSE A50 as offshore investors' exposure on China A-share cash equity grows. We expect the derivative business contribution to revenue at HKEx will likely grow to 25% from current 16%, which will reshape HKEx with more balanced revenue stream from both cash equity and derivative. </li>
<li>For 1H2021, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/hong-kong-exchanges-clearing" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:490:1" rel="noopener">HKEX (388 HK)</a> delivered a broadly in-line results. It reported 2Q2021 profits of HK$2.77bn, down 7% year-over-year. Cash equity ADT was quite strong and up 31% year-over-year, but down 34% from 1Q 2021. But the derivatives business did not have the same volume pick-up with HK derivatives ADV -5% year-over-year and LME ADV -2% year-over-year. We are the believer that HKEx will play a key role on offshore China listings. Ongoing regulatory uncertainty is likely to accelerate the Chinese ADS' to diversify their listing risk and to benefit HKEx as a preferred offshore listing venue.  We forecast <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/hong-kong-exchanges-clearing" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:490:1" rel="noopener">HKEX (388 HK)</a> Securities ADT of HK$240bn in FY 21 (excluding Stock Connect Northbound volume)  and remain bullish on <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/hong-kong-exchanges-clearing" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:490:1" rel="noopener">HKEX (388 HK)</a>  and have TP HKD 550. </li>
</ul>


The long-awaited China A-share Index future finally received approval from regulators from both Hong Kong and China (news link). The to-be-launched product is MSCI China A50 Connect Index, which is different from investors' expectation of MSCI China Index future. However, we still believe the move is a game changer for HKEX (388 HK) derivative business as investors' increasing exposure in China A-share cash equity market and index future. This will also put a direct competition pressure on SGX (SGX SP) as its popular FTSE A50 Index future accounting around 17% of its total revenue. We believe offshore investors would like to gradually shift their China A-share Index exposure to HKEX (388 HK) from SGX (SGX SP) 
We estimate that ADV (Average Daily Volume) of MSCI China A50 Connect contract will be ramped up at 1.5-2.0x the volume of FTSE A50 at its launch, given the ADT (Average Daily Turnover) of stock connect northbound (China A-share cash equity market) has reached RMB 120bn. There is increasing demands from offshore investors for hedging and speculation. In a long-run, we believe ADV of MSCI China A50 could be more than 5x of ADV of FTSE A50 as offshore investors' exposure on China A-share cash equity grows. We expect the derivative business contribution to revenue at HKEx will likely grow to 25% from current 16%, which will reshape HKEx with more balanced revenue stream from both cash equity and derivative. 
For 1H2021, HKEX (388 HK) delivered a broadly in-line results. It reported 2Q2021 profits of HK$2.77bn, down 7% year-over-year. Cash equity ADT was quite strong and up 31% year-over-year, but down 34% from 1Q 2021. But the derivatives business did not have the same volume pick-up with HK derivatives ADV -5% year-over-year and LME ADV -2% year-over-year. We are the believer that HKEx will play a key role on offshore China listings. Ongoing regulatory uncertainty is likely to accelerate the Chinese ADS' to diversify their listing risk and to benefit HKEx as a preferred offshore listing venue.  We forecast HKEX (388 HK) Securities ADT of HK$240bn in FY 21 (excluding Stock Connect Northbound volume)  and remain bullish on HKEX (388 HK)  and have TP HKD 550. 


HKEx (388.HK): A-Share Index Future Launch, A Game Changer for HKEx Derivative Business

Singapore

Singapore Exchange Limited owns and operates Singapore's Securities and derivatives exchange and their related clearing houses.  The Company also provides ancillary securities processing and information technology services to participants in the financial sector.

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SGX (SGX SP)

Natural Asset Companies (NACs): New ESG Asset Class Aims to Transform Sustainable Capital Markets

NYSE and Intrinsic Exchange Group announced a new asset class called "Natural Asset Companies" (NACs). Mission-critical hurdles remain, but NACs...

Kyle Rudden

Hong Kong Exchanges & Clearing – SPAC Time

HKEX: HKEX is seeking feedback on offering SPACs. We do not believe that SPACs are the panacea which will resolve HKEX’s weakened revenue stream.

Thomas J. Monaco

Hong Kong Exchanges & Clearing – China Plays Long Game With HKEx

HKEX: The establishment of a new Beijing Exchange will support SME exchange listings. Coupled with establishment of a new exchange, HKEx continues...

Thomas J. Monaco

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SPACs and ESG: Issues Related to the SPAC Vehicle Itself and Sustainability Use Cases

In Asia there is an undeniable upswell in SPAC activity – by SPAC sponsors, crown-jewel unicorns, and bourses like SGX. This covers ESG issues...

Kyle Rudden

Natural Asset Companies (NACs): New ESG Asset Class Aims to Transform Sustainable Capital Markets

NYSE and Intrinsic Exchange Group announced a new asset class called "Natural Asset Companies" (NACs). Mission-critical hurdles remain, but NACs...

Kyle Rudden

Hong Kong Exchanges & Clearing – SPAC Time

HKEX: HKEX is seeking feedback on offering SPACs. We do not believe that SPACs are the panacea which will resolve HKEX’s weakened revenue stream.

Thomas J. Monaco

Hong Kong Exchanges & Clearing – China Plays Long Game With HKEx

HKEX: The establishment of a new Beijing Exchange will support SME exchange listings. Coupled with establishment of a new exchange, HKEx continues...

Thomas J. Monaco

HKEx (388.HK): A-Share Index Future Launch, A Game Changer for HKEx Derivative Business

We expect China A-share index future will reshape HKEx with more balanced revenue stream from both cash equity and derivative. We remain bullish on...

Roger Xie