Singapore Exchange Ltd (SGX)

Singapore Exchange is Asia’s leading and trusted market infrastructure, facilitating the exchange of capital and ideas to create value for people, businesses and economies. As a multi-asset exchange operating equity, fixed income and derivatives markets to the highest regulatory standards, SGX is a vertically integrated business that provides listing, trading, clearing, settlement, depository and data services.

With about 40% of listed companies and over 80% of listed bonds originating outside of Singapore as well as established linkages across the region and in Europe, SGX is Asia’s most international and connected exchange. Offering a full suite of derivatives products across Asian equity indices, commodities and currencies, SGX is the world’s most liquid international market for the benchmark equity indices of China, India, Japan and ASEAN.

As Asia’s pioneering central counterparty, SGX is globally recognised for its risk management and clearing capabilities, and was one of the first globally to adopt the Principles for Financial Market Infrastructure.

Headquartered in AAA-rated Singapore, SGX has over 800 employees including offices in Beijing, Chicago, Hong Kong, London, New York, Mumbai, San Francisco, Shanghai and Tokyo.

Asia’s leading multi-asset exchange

SGX Market Strategist, Equity & Fixed Income, Singapore Exchange Ltd (SGX)

Geoff Howie

SGX Market Strategist, Equity & Fixed Income

China Aviation Oil Singapore Corp (CAO SP)

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Crude oil has moved from US$45/bbl at the end of 2018 to US$66/bbl on 23 April, and back to US$52/bbl at present. Key drivers have included economic growth, PMI &amp; interest rate outlooks, trade tensions, tightening liquidity, sanctions &amp; geopolitics. 
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Singapore’s three most actively traded stocks that reside outside of the STI and represent the Maritime, O&amp;G and Fuel Trading Sectors, are Sembcorp Marine, Rex International and China Aviation Oil Singapore.  The three stocks averaged 16% total returns in the 2019 YTD.    
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Whilst Rex International is a Catalist-listed stock that sits outside the top 300 Singapore stocks by market capitalisation, its daily turnover over the first 5M of 2019 placed the independent exploration and production oil company just outside the top 50 stocks by trading turnover. 
	 </li>
	<li>This month, the world’s two largest capitalised Energy stocks, ExxonMobil and Royal Dutch Shell, announced expansions in Singapore operations, with ExxonMobil expanding its refinery at Jurong to upgrade oil-based production &amp; Shell increasing its storage capacity at Bukom.</li>
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Most Actively Traded Maritime, Oil &amp; Gas, and Fuel Stocks in 2019

Singapore’s three most actively traded Maritime, Oil &amp; Gas (“O&amp;G”) and Fuel Trading Stocks that are not a part of the Straits Times Index (“STI”) are Sembcorp Marine, Rex International (“Rex”) and China Aviation Oil Singapore (“CAO”). Within the STI, maritime play Yangzijiang Shipbuilding ranked as the seventh most actively traded Singapore-listed stock over the first five months of 2019.

Together Sembcorp Marine, Rex International (“Rex”) and China Aviation Oil Singapore (“CAO”) have a combined market capitalisation of S$4.4 billion. The trio of stocks averaged a cumulative S$14 million in traded turnover a day for the first five months of 2019. Whilst Rex International is a Catalist-listed stock that sits outside the top 300 Singapore stocks by market capitalisation, its daily turnover over the period poised the Independent Exploration and Production oil company just outside the top 50 stocks by traded turnover.

Together the three stocks have averaged 8.9% gains over the first 10 sessions of June, boosting their average total return in 2019 year-to-date to 15.6%. In keeping with their industries that are the most directionally impacted by the price of oil, the three stocks also average 12 month volatility above 40%, with Rex International’s annualised volatility near 80%. The trio of stocks averaged a 16.8% decline in total return in 2018, and respective gains of 12.1% and 20.4% in the preceding years of 2017 and 2016.

Crude Swings in 2019 &amp; Late 2018  

As indicated in the crude oil price chart below (based on weekly close prices), the benchmark price has gained form the S$45.41 close at the end of 2018 yet declined from its 23 April high (US$66.60/bbl), and currently trading near S$52.00/bbl. However, the recent move lower from 23 April highs has been less pronounced than the decline observed between October and December last year, with global growth concerns offsetting the impact of tighter supply concerns in recent weeks.  

Nevertheless, the overall improvement in oil prices for the majority of 2018, spanning January through to September last year had an overall positive impact on O&amp;G businesses in 2018.  For instance, in the KrisEnergy FY18 (ending 31 Dec) Annual Report, Independent Non-executive Chairman Tan Ek Kia noted that despite the price swing in the final quarter of 2018, KrisEnergy’s average crude oil and liquids selling price for 2018, was nearly 40% higher than in 2017 and overall improvements in oil prices led to record revenues for the Group, and positive cash flow from operating activities of US$35.3 million was the highest since the 2010 annual period.
<figure>
 <img src="https://api2.sgx.com/sites/default/files/2019-06/Brent%20Crude%20Oil%20and%20Crude%20Oil.JPG" alt="Brent Crude Oil and Crude Oil">
 </figure>
 <div class="content-caption">Brent Crude Oil and Crude Oil</div>
For the 1QFY19 (ended 31 Mar), KrisEnergy noted that benchmark oil prices remained on the downtrend following the final months of 2018, and the average 1Q2019 oil and liquids price achieved by the Group at US$58.20/bbl (1QFY18: US$61.40/bbl) was the lowest quarterly level since the 4QFY17 and reflected a 23.8% drop from 4QFY18 (US$76.34/bbl), click <a href="https://links.sgx.com/1.0.0/corporate-announcements/MDHGBKPW1D5HEVOX/1816b5d8786db95cf5da7fd8d47795736feaf73bc3a5a0559d1a0584c479c6fe">here</a> for more details. KrisEnergy is an independent upstream company focused on the exploration for and the development and production of oil and gas in Southeast Asia and the next most actively traded stock of the Maritime, O&amp;G and Fuel Trading Stocks genre after CAO.  

The price of Brent crude oil  (extracted from the North Sea) is also included the chart above. As highlighted in its recent 1QFY19 financials (ended 31 Mar, click <a href="https://links.sgx.com/1.0.0/corporate-announcements/PMHE9GGSCC36QECF/20190513_RIH_1QFY2019Results.pdf">here</a>) Rex holds interests in licenses in the North Sea and the Norwegian Sea, and maintains a high equity stake in its Oman license with focus won achieving its first oil in Oman in 2019.  Rex also noted that marketing efforts are continuing for the Group’s proprietary direct hydrocarbon indicator Rex Virtual Drilling in Europe and the Middle East.

CAO is the largest physical jet fuel trader in the Asia Pacific region, and the key supplier of imported jet fuel to the civil aviation industry of the People’s Republic of China. CAO noted with its recent financials (click <a href="https://links.sgx.com/1.0.0/corporate-announcements/YG1FI8DE41NZNIK9/19556f45ebeba2e2c70c0c9842c51e82e5a27dd4f08cdf7b0a3835749299838f">here</a>) that while remaining cognisant of challenges of slower global economic growth and geopolitical tensions, management foresee good growth opportunities in the global aviation sector and China’s development strategy of One Belt, One Road, which bodes well for the Group.  

CAO also leverages on a diversification strategy and maintains an integrated global supply and trading platform. Last year CAO’s crude oil team completed a long-term supply contract to Oman, supported by a reduction in procurement cost through sourcing competitive Oman spot cargoes and direct purchasing from Dubai Mercantile Exchange.

The Region’s Growing Demand

While China’s energy consumption of oil, growing energy production of the United States and OPEC outlooks take the majority of the headlines, energy is a key focus of the region. Economic growth and urbanisation fuels ASEAN’s demand for oil and gas which has consistently outpaced the global average in recent years. Cumulatively, the ASEAN region is a net oil importer, with World’s Top Exports (WTEx) statistics show that ASEAN countries accounted for 6.5% worth of the world’s imported crude oil during 2018.

ASEAN oil production has been led by Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam and Thailand. Together, with Brunei, the Philippines and Myanmar, the ASEAN crude oil producers accounted for approximately 2.5% of global oil production in early 2019, based on estimates by Trading Economics.

Last year, Control Risks, a specialist global risk consulting firm, touted expert projections that by 2030, the ASEAN region will be the world’s fourth largest energy consumer. Another prognosis reiterated by the ASEAN Post in March, maintains Southeast Asia’s energy demands have grown 60% over the past 15 years, and are forecasted to grow by another two-thirds by 2040.

Singapore is a Leading Trading &amp; Refining Hub

The chemical industry is a key pillar of Singapore’s economy. EDB Singapore highlight that Jurong Island is Singapore’s centerpiece for refining, petrochemical, and specialty chemicals activities with the highly integrated infrastructure closely connecting both customers and suppliers, often literally over the fence through pipes. The Ministry of Trade &amp; Industry 2018 Economic Survey of Singapore noted the chemicals cluster grew by close to 5% in 2018 and in terms of  chemical  exports  value, Singapore was ranked seventh globally by the World Trade Organisation in 2017.

ExxonMobil has continued to expand its operations in Singapore with its facilities in Jurong the largest of its global integrated refining and petrochemical complex. In April, the United States-based O&amp;G giant announced a multi-billion dollar expansion of its integrated manufacturing complex in Singapore that will help increase production of cleaner fuels with lower-sulphur content and  last week announced it had completed an expansion at its Singapore refinery in Jurong to upgrade the production of its proprietary EHC Group II base stocks. Singapore is also Royal Dutch  Shell’s largest petrochemical production and export centre in the Asia-Pacific region, and as reported by the Straits Times earlier this month, increased its Bukom storage capacity by nearly 1.3 million barrels, by building two large crude oil tanks.

Maritime, Oil &amp; Gas and Fuel Stocks

For more in depth analysis on the aforementioned trio of Singapore-listed stocks in SGX StockFacts, click on the stock names below:

<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://www2.sgx.com/securities/equities/S51">Sembcorp Marine</a> – The maritime company offers ship repair, shipbuilding, ship conversion, rig repair, rig building, and offshore engineering and construction and operates in two segments: rigs &amp; floaters, repairs &amp; upgrades, offshore platforms and specialized shipbuilding, and ship chartering. Sembcorp Marine shares are trading at S$1.48. The stock maintains a market capitalisation of S$3.1 billion, a P/B ratio of 1.3x with a 52 week high of S$2.15 and 52 week low of S$1.37. 
	 </li>
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<a href="https://www2.sgx.com/securities/equities/G92">China Aviation Oil Singapore</a> -  the fuel trader and its wholly owned operating subsidiaries namely, China Aviation Oil (Hong Kong) Company Limited, North American Fuel Corporation and China Aviation Fuel (Europe) Limited supply jet fuel to airports outside the PRC, including Asia Pacific, Europe, North America and the Middle East. CAO shares are trading at S$1.32. CAO maintains a maintains a market capitalisation of S$1.14 billion, a P/E ratio of 8.9x and P/B ratio of 1.0x with a 52 week high of S$1.61 and 52 week low of S$1.04. 
	 </li>
	<li>
<a href="https://www2.sgx.com/securities/equities/5WH">Rex International</a> – While Rex focuses its O&amp;G exploration and production efforts in Norway and Oman, its  key differentiator is its proprietary Rex Virtual Drilling technology. Rex Shares are trading at Rex maintains a market at S$0.067. The stock has a market capitalisation of S$87 million, a P/E ratio of 27.8x and P/B ratio of 0.5x with a 52 week high of S$0.119 and 52 week low of S$0.040. 
</li>
</ul>
O&amp;G Exploration &amp; Production

O&amp;G stocks involved in exploration, development and production provide periodical updates on their businesses. For instance on 29 May Interra Resources announced that its joint venture entity, Goldpetrol Joint Operating Company commenced drilling development well CHK 1218 in the Chauk oil field in Myanmar (click <a href="https://links.sgx.com/1.0.0/corporate-announcements/LP0CLMV04E4X8GNO/73da3f33de6f756eea99a102b7e92346a897f732a15417e6ee965eeed3d5952e">here</a> for more details).

O&amp;G exploration and production companies, which includes Rex International, KrisEnergy and Interra Resources are commodity businesses which have no control over the prices they receive. They may vary their production and capital expenditures based on current and future price expectations and can hedge their reserves by utilising the futures market.

Upcoming Education Events

Globally, O&amp;G exploration is a risky investment because there are no guarantees that a company exploring for O&amp;G will find anything of value. In addition investors should be aware that the oil and gas industry uses a number of terms, such as Exploration results, Prospective Resources, Contingent Resources and Reserves, that have been carefully defined and are subject to a range of international Codes and Standards for public reporting – for more details click <a href="http://www.sgx.com/wps/wcm/connect/29a795804a664d659f92ff56e17ffefa/An+Investor%27s+Guide+to+the+Upstream+Oil++Gas+Industry.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&amp;CACHEID=29a795804a664d659f92ff56e17ffefa">here</a>.

Two upcoming Investor Events relevant to the Industries include:

<ul>
<li>
Disruptions in Energy - 24 June 9:00am-12:30pm at SGX auditorium. SGX, together with the Energy Institute, is conducting a thought leadership seminar on the energy value chain and the key disruptive trends.  This is a hot topic, not just for Singapore but also globally.  It’s not the Green versus Fossil fuel argument, rather, how the transition is managed that will create capital market opportunities. 
	 </li>
	<li>
Oil and Gas property evaluation - 11 July 8:30am-6:30pm at SGX auditorium. Netherland, Sewell &amp; Associates, Inc. (NSAI) will present its O&amp;G Property Evaluation Seminar. This is a condensed 1 day version.</li>
</ul>
Both are seminars are complimentary basis.  Attendance certificate available upon request.  Please email to Mr Chong Lek Foong - <a href="mailto:chonglek.foong@sgx.com">chonglek.foong@sgx.com</a> - if you wish to attend.
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Crude oil has moved from US$45/bbl at the end of 2018 to US$66/bbl on 23 April, and back to US$52/bbl at present. Key drivers have included economic growth, PMI &amp; interest rate outlooks, trade tensions, tightening liquidity, sanctions &amp; geopolitics. 
	 
	
Singapore’s three most actively traded stocks that reside outside of the STI and represent the Maritime, O&amp;G and Fuel Trading Sectors, are Sembcorp Marine, Rex International and China Aviation Oil Singapore.  The three stocks averaged 16% total returns in the 2019 YTD.    
	 
	
Whilst Rex International is a Catalist-listed stock that sits outside the top 300 Singapore stocks by market capitalisation, its daily turnover over the first 5M of 2019 placed the independent exploration and production oil company just outside the top 50 stocks by trading turnover. 
	 
	This month, the world’s two largest capitalised Energy stocks, ExxonMobil and Royal Dutch Shell, announced expansions in Singapore operations, with ExxonMobil expanding its refinery at Jurong to upgrade oil-based production &amp; Shell increasing its storage capacity at Bukom.

Most Actively Traded Maritime, Oil &amp; Gas, and Fuel Stocks in 2019

Singapore’s three most actively traded Maritime, Oil &amp; Gas (“O&amp;G”) and Fuel Trading Stocks that are not a part of the Straits Times Index (“STI”) are Sembcorp Marine, Rex International (“Rex”) and China Aviation Oil Singapore (“CAO”). Within the STI, maritime play Yangzijiang Shipbuilding ranked as the seventh most actively traded Singapore-listed stock over the first five months of 2019.

Together Sembcorp Marine, Rex International (“Rex”) and China Aviation Oil Singapore (“CAO”) have a combined market capitalisation of S$4.4 billion. The trio of stocks averaged a cumulative S$14 million in traded turnover a day for the first five months of 2019. Whilst Rex International is a Catalist-listed stock that sits outside the top 300 Singapore stocks by market capitalisation, its daily turnover over the period poised the Independent Exploration and Production oil company just outside the top 50 stocks by traded turnover.

Together the three stocks have averaged 8.9% gains over the first 10 sessions of June, boosting their average total return in 2019 year-to-date to 15.6%. In keeping with their industries that are the most directionally impacted by the price of oil, the three stocks also average 12 month volatility above 40%, with Rex International’s annualised volatility near 80%. The trio of stocks averaged a 16.8% decline in total return in 2018, and respective gains of 12.1% and 20.4% in the preceding years of 2017 and 2016.

Crude Swings in 2019 &amp; Late 2018  

As indicated in the crude oil price chart below (based on weekly close prices), the benchmark price has gained form the S$45.41 close at the end of 2018 yet declined from its 23 April high (US$66.60/bbl), and currently trading near S$52.00/bbl. However, the recent move lower from 23 April highs has been less pronounced than the decline observed between October and December last year, with global growth concerns offsetting the impact of tighter supply concerns in recent weeks.  

Nevertheless, the overall improvement in oil prices for the majority of 2018, spanning January through to September last year had an overall positive impact on O&amp;G businesses in 2018.  For instance, in the KrisEnergy FY18 (ending 31 Dec) Annual Report, Independent Non-executive Chairman Tan Ek Kia noted that despite the price swing in the final quarter of 2018, KrisEnergy’s average crude oil and liquids selling price for 2018, was nearly 40% higher than in 2017 and overall improvements in oil prices led to record revenues for the Group, and positive cash flow from operating activities of US$35.3 million was the highest since the 2010 annual period.

      
    
    Brent Crude Oil and Crude Oil
For the 1QFY19 (ended 31 Mar), KrisEnergy noted that benchmark oil prices remained on the downtrend following the final months of 2018, and the average 1Q2019 oil and liquids price achieved by the Group at US$58.20/bbl (1QFY18: US$61.40/bbl) was the lowest quarterly level since the 4QFY17 and reflected a 23.8% drop from 4QFY18 (US$76.34/bbl), click here for more details. KrisEnergy is an independent upstream company focused on the exploration for and the development and production of oil and gas in Southeast Asia and the next most actively traded stock of the Maritime, O&amp;G and Fuel Trading Stocks genre after CAO.  

The price of Brent crude oil  (extracted from the North Sea) is also included the chart above. As highlighted in its recent 1QFY19 financials (ended 31 Mar, click here) Rex holds interests in licenses in the North Sea and the Norwegian Sea, and maintains a high equity stake in its Oman license with focus won achieving its first oil in Oman in 2019.  Rex also noted that marketing efforts are continuing for the Group’s proprietary direct hydrocarbon indicator Rex Virtual Drilling in Europe and the Middle East.

CAO is the largest physical jet fuel trader in the Asia Pacific region, and the key supplier of imported jet fuel to the civil aviation industry of the People’s Republic of China. CAO noted with its recent financials (click here) that while remaining cognisant of challenges of slower global economic growth and geopolitical tensions, management foresee good growth opportunities in the global aviation sector and China’s development strategy of One Belt, One Road, which bodes well for the Group.  

CAO also leverages on a diversification strategy and maintains an integrated global supply and trading platform. Last year CAO’s crude oil team completed a long-term supply contract to Oman, supported by a reduction in procurement cost through sourcing competitive Oman spot cargoes and direct purchasing from Dubai Mercantile Exchange.

The Region’s Growing Demand

While China’s energy consumption of oil, growing energy production of the United States and OPEC outlooks take the majority of the headlines, energy is a key focus of the region. Economic growth and urbanisation fuels ASEAN’s demand for oil and gas which has consistently outpaced the global average in recent years. Cumulatively, the ASEAN region is a net oil importer, with World’s Top Exports (WTEx) statistics show that ASEAN countries accounted for 6.5% worth of the world’s imported crude oil during 2018.

ASEAN oil production has been led by Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam and Thailand. Together, with Brunei, the Philippines and Myanmar, the ASEAN crude oil producers accounted for approximately 2.5% of global oil production in early 2019, based on estimates by Trading Economics.

Last year, Control Risks, a specialist global risk consulting firm, touted expert projections that by 2030, the ASEAN region will be the world’s fourth largest energy consumer. Another prognosis reiterated by the ASEAN Post in March, maintains Southeast Asia’s energy demands have grown 60% over the past 15 years, and are forecasted to grow by another two-thirds by 2040.

Singapore is a Leading Trading &amp; Refining Hub

The chemical industry is a key pillar of Singapore’s economy. EDB Singapore highlight that Jurong Island is Singapore’s centerpiece for refining, petrochemical, and specialty chemicals activities with the highly integrated infrastructure closely connecting both customers and suppliers, often literally over the fence through pipes. The Ministry of Trade &amp; Industry 2018 Economic Survey of Singapore noted the chemicals cluster grew by close to 5% in 2018 and in terms of  chemical  exports  value, Singapore was ranked seventh globally by the World Trade Organisation in 2017.

ExxonMobil has continued to expand its operations in Singapore with its facilities in Jurong the largest of its global integrated refining and petrochemical complex. In April, the United States-based O&amp;G giant announced a multi-billion dollar expansion of its integrated manufacturing complex in Singapore that will help increase production of cleaner fuels with lower-sulphur content and  last week announced it had completed an expansion at its Singapore refinery in Jurong to upgrade the production of its proprietary EHC Group II base stocks. Singapore is also Royal Dutch  Shell’s largest petrochemical production and export centre in the Asia-Pacific region, and as reported by the Straits Times earlier this month, increased its Bukom storage capacity by nearly 1.3 million barrels, by building two large crude oil tanks.

Maritime, Oil &amp; Gas and Fuel Stocks

For more in depth analysis on the aforementioned trio of Singapore-listed stocks in SGX StockFacts, click on the stock names below:



Sembcorp Marine – The maritime company offers ship repair, shipbuilding, ship conversion, rig repair, rig building, and offshore engineering and construction and operates in two segments: rigs &amp; floaters, repairs &amp; upgrades, offshore platforms and specialized shipbuilding, and ship chartering. Sembcorp Marine shares are trading at S$1.48. The stock maintains a market capitalisation of S$3.1 billion, a P/B ratio of 1.3x with a 52 week high of S$2.15 and 52 week low of S$1.37.  
	 
	
China Aviation Oil Singapore -  the fuel trader and its wholly owned operating subsidiaries namely, China Aviation Oil (Hong Kong) Company Limited, North American Fuel Corporation and China Aviation Fuel (Europe) Limited supply jet fuel to airports outside the PRC, including Asia Pacific, Europe, North America and the Middle East. CAO shares are trading at S$1.32. CAO maintains a maintains a market capitalisation of S$1.14 billion, a P/E ratio of 8.9x and P/B ratio of 1.0x with a 52 week high of S$1.61 and 52 week low of S$1.04. 
	 
	
Rex International – While Rex focuses its O&amp;G exploration and production efforts in Norway and Oman, its  key differentiator is its proprietary Rex Virtual Drilling technology. Rex Shares are trading at Rex maintains a market at S$0.067. The stock has a market capitalisation of S$87 million, a P/E ratio of 27.8x and P/B ratio of 0.5x with a 52 week high of S$0.119 and 52 week low of S$0.040. 


O&amp;G Exploration &amp; Production

O&amp;G stocks involved in exploration, development and production provide periodical updates on their businesses. For instance on 29 May Interra Resources announced that its joint venture entity, Goldpetrol Joint Operating Company commenced drilling development well CHK 1218 in the Chauk oil field in Myanmar (click here for more details).

O&amp;G exploration and production companies, which includes Rex International, KrisEnergy and Interra Resources are commodity businesses which have no control over the prices they receive. They may vary their production and capital expenditures based on current and future price expectations and can hedge their reserves by utilising the futures market.

Upcoming Education Events

Globally, O&amp;G exploration is a risky investment because there are no guarantees that a company exploring for O&amp;G will find anything of value. In addition investors should be aware that the oil and gas industry uses a number of terms, such as Exploration results, Prospective Resources, Contingent Resources and Reserves, that have been carefully defined and are subject to a range of international Codes and Standards for public reporting – for more details click here.

Two upcoming Investor Events relevant to the Industries include:



Disruptions in Energy - 24 June 9:00am-12:30pm at SGX auditorium. SGX, together with the Energy Institute, is conducting a thought leadership seminar on the energy value chain and the key disruptive trends.  This is a hot topic, not just for Singapore but also globally.  It’s not the Green versus Fossil fuel argument, rather, how the transition is managed that will create capital market opportunities. 
	 
	
Oil and Gas property evaluation - 11 July 8:30am-6:30pm at SGX auditorium. Netherland, Sewell &amp; Associates, Inc. (NSAI) will present its O&amp;G Property Evaluation Seminar. This is a condensed 1 day version.

Both are seminars are complimentary basis.  Attendance certificate available upon request.  Please email to Mr Chong Lek Foong - chonglek.foong@sgx.com - if you wish to attend.



Actively Traded Trio a Microcosm of Maritime, O&G and Fuel Industries