Korea / Special Sits, Pairs, Index Rebalancing, Clepsydra Capital

Sanghyun Park

Korea / Special Sits, Pairs, Index Rebalancing

Clepsydra Capital

Investigate special situations, pairs, and index rebalancing trades in Korea.

Event-Driven

The Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC) annually designates local conglomerates having an aggregate asset value of more than ₩5T as a Business Group Subject to Disclosure. These are the largest industrial conglomerates designated as a Business Group Subject to Disclosure as of the last yearend.









Rank
Conglomerate
Aggregate asset value
Number of subsidiaries
Holdco type


1
Samsung
₩424.9T
59
De-facto operating holdco


2
Hyundai Motor
₩234.7T
54
-


3
SK
₩225.5T
125
Legitimate operating holdco


4
LG
₩137.0T
70
Legitimate pure holdco


5
Lotte
₩121.5T
86
Legitimate pure holdco


6
POSCO
₩80.3T
35
-


7
Hanwha
₩71.7T
86
De-facto pure holdco


8
GS
₩66.8T
69
Legitimate pure holdco


9
Hyundai Heavy Industries
₩62.9T
30
Legitimate pure holdco


10
Shinsegae
₩44.1T
41
-


11
KT
₩36.3T
44
-


12
CJ
₩34.5T
77
Legitimate pure holdco


13
Hanjin
₩33.6T
31
Legitimate pure holdco


14
Doosan
₩29.3T
25
De facto pure holdco


15
LS
₩23.7T
54
Legitimate operating holdco


16
Booyoung
₩23.3T
23
-


17
DL
₩18.7T
32
Legitimate operating holdco

Source: Kore Fair Trade Commission

Of these 17 largest industrial conglomerates having an aggregate asset value of more than ₩20T, 6 business groups are suitable for pair trading with a synthetic subsidiary.
Samsung Group
SK Group
LG Group
Lotte Group
Hanwha Group
CJ Group
Hyundai Motor Group is a circular shareholding structure, not suitable for pair trading. POSCO, Shinsegae, KT, LS, and DL have substantial operating operations outweighing their respective listed subsidiaries. GS and Hyundai Heavy Industries have a significant presence from the unlisted companies: GS Caltex and Hyundai Oilbank. Hanjin and Doosan are more of single-subsidiary holding companies. Lastly, Booyoung is a privately-held company.Discount to NAV Samsung C&amp;T has the highest discount to the NAV at 62.77%, followed by SK Inc with 52.14%. On the other hand, CJ Corp has the lowest discount at 34.19%. Hanwha Corp also has a lower discount than the others at 38.87%.











NAV
LG Corp
Samsung C&amp;T Corp
SK Inc
Lotte Corp
Hanwha Corp
CJ Corp


Value of listed holdings
₩41,080.4B
₩52,346.7B
₩24,237.4B
₩5,377.5B
₩4,501.4B
₩5,038.1B


- % of Holdco market cap
188.20%
201.51%
128.30%
139.29%
195.29%
158.42%


Value of unlisted holdings
₩2,631.7B
₩2,528.3B
₩9,890.5B
₩1,147.7B
₩1,657.0B
₩311.7B


Stub value
-₩21,883.7B
-₩28,897.7B
-₩15,236.2B
-₩2,664.6B
-₩3,853.5B
-₩2,169.5B


Stub value per share
-₩126,820
-₩154,626
-₩216,545
-₩25,399
-₩51,408
-₩74,357


Value of operating assets
₩0.0B
₩6,100.3B
₩2,235.2B
₩0.0B
₩0.0B
₩0.0B


GAV
₩43,712.1B
₩60,975.2B
₩36,363.1B
₩6,525.2B
₩6,158.4B
₩5,349.8B


GAV per share
₩253,320
₩373,019
₩695,187
₩92,157
₩89,623
₩197,713


Discount to GAV (excl. treasury shares)
50.06%
62.74%
61.38%
60.07%
65.69%
44.87%


Holdco net cash/debt (de-consolidated)
₩1,941.8B
₩268.6B
-₩6,879.4B
-₩1,764.4B
-₩2,330.8B
-₩357.6B


Value of pref shares
₩329.8B
₩219.7B
₩140.4B
₩63.2B
₩371.0B
₩510.3B


NAV
₩45,324.1B
₩61,024.1B
₩29,343.3B
₩4,697.6B
₩3,456.7B
₩4,481.9B


NAV per share (excl. treasury shares)
₩262,662
₩373,318
₩560,983
₩66,346
₩50,304
₩165,638


Discount to NAV
51.84%
62.77%
52.14%
44.53%
38.87%
34.19%

Source: KRX &amp; DART

Synthetic subsidiary weightThe number of subsidiaries in a synthetic varies from 2 to 4, representing 67.91% to 130.22% of the NAV. LG Corp has 4, the most, having a synthetic weight of 87.87% of the NAV. SK Inc has 3 subsidiaries in its synthetic, representing 67.91% of the NAV. 









Holdco pair
Number of subsidiaries in a synthetic
Synthetic subsidiary weight in NAV
Synthetic subsidiary weight in GAV


LG Corp
4
87.87%
91.11%


Samsung C&amp;T Corp
2
76.04%
76.10%


SK Inc
3
67.91%
54.80%


Lotte Corp
2
80.47%
57.93%


Hanwha Corp
3
130.22%
73.09%


CJ Corp
2
99.77%
83.58%

Source: KRX

Sigma on a 20-day moving averageWhen I'm writing this post (2 PM in Korea local time today), SK Inc and Hanwha Corp are in a diversion below -1.0σ on a 20-day moving average relative to their respective synthetic subsidiary. In contrast, CJ Corp is in a 2.0σ diversion, just the opposite way.











Sigma (σ) on a 20-day moving average
Today
T-1
T-2
T-3
T-4


LG Corp
0.87
1.02
1.26
1.39
1.56


Samsung C&amp;T Corp
-0.47
-0.55
0.30
-2.25
-2.53


SK Inc
-1.41
-1.64
-1.67
-1.74
-1.81


Lotte Corp
0.86
1.44
1.91
1.97
2.64


Hanwha Corp
-1.16
-0.77
-0.96
0.44
1.35


CJ Corp
1.92
1.03
0.54
0.82
1.83

Source: KRX



Korea Top Conglomerates Synthetic Pair Trading

Pan-Asia Index Rebalances/ Events/ Delta One, Periscope Analytics

Brian Freitas

Pan-Asia Index Rebalances/ Events/ Delta One

Quantitative Analysis

<p>Short selling has finally resumed in Korea and it has been a busy couple of days on that front with foreign investors piling into stocks that have run up more than their peers over the last year and are potentially overvalued.</p><p>Long/short pairs could be implemented in Korea during the short sell ban if you had long inventory or if there were listed single stock futures on the short leg.</p><p>With short selling permitted on constituents of the <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/korea-stock-exchange-kospi-200-index" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:26021:1" rel="noopener">Korea Stock Exchange Kospi 200 Index (KOSPI2 INDEX)</a>, we take a look at long/short pairs where both stocks are members of the index. These pairs belong to the same GICS sub-industry, are correlated and exhibit mean-reversion. We also use short sale data from the last couple of trading sessions to see which stocks are being targeted by short sellers.</p>

Short selling has finally resumed in Korea and it has been a busy couple of days on that front with foreign investors piling into stocks that have run up more than their peers over the last year and are potentially overvalued.Long/short pairs could be implemented in Korea during the short sell ban if you had long inventory or if there were listed single stock futures on the short leg.With short selling permitted on constituents of the Korea Stock Exchange Kospi 200 Index (KOSPI2 INDEX), we take a look at long/short pairs where both stocks are members of the index. These pairs belong to the same GICS sub-industry, are correlated and exhibit mean-reversion. We also use short sale data from the last couple of trading sessions to see which stocks are being targeted by short sellers.

Korea Pair Trades: High Risk/Reward Names with Short Sell Screen

Korea/Asia, Events, IPOs, Douglas Research Advisory

Douglas Kim

Korea/Asia, Events, IPOs

<div class="content-highlight"><p>In this insight, we highlight the closing of the pricing gaps between the major Korean holdcos and opcos, especially with the upcoming end of the ban on the short selling of shares in Korea in May. In this insight, we highlight 26 pair trades that involve Korean holdcos and opcos.</p></div><p>Just a reminder that the ban on short selling of KOSPI 200 and KOSDAQ 150 included stocks will remain in place until May 2nd and investors will be able to resume their shorting on these 350 stocks starting on May 3rd. Once this ban on short selling of stocks ends, there could be more investors that may look to add to the holdco shares and short the opco shares (especially among the pairs where the holdco shares have underperformed the opco shares in the past year). However, some of these moves have already started to take place in the past few weeks, which could reduce the overall profits on the pair trades. </p><p>Traditionally, the pair trades involving Korean holdcos and opcos have been a trading strategy that many hedge funds have employed for many years. However, the ban on short selling of stocks in Korea have prevented many of these funds from employing these pair trade strategies. Once the ban ends, you will likely see these funds becoming more active in these trading methods once again. </p><div class="content-highlight">
<p>In the section below, we separated the pair trades into two different sections. The first table involves major opcos outperforming holdcos (regular and quasi) in the past year. Of the 26 pair trade strategies mentioned in this insight, this section I involves 19 of them (73% of total). The section II (which involve holdcos outperforming the opcos in the past year) involves 7 pair trade strategies (27% of total).</p>
<p>In other words, the opcos in general have vastly outperformed the holdcos in the past year, especially due to the ban on the short selling of stocks in Korea. Because the opcos tend to be the bigger company than the holdcos in terms of market cap, many fund managers (both active and passive) have tended to just invest in the opcos and pay less attention to the holdcos.  </p>
</div><p>Also, we described the holdcos as either regular or quasi. SK Telecom and Samsung C&amp;T would be examples of "quasi" holdcos whereas Orion Holdings and Hanjin Kal would be examples of regular holdcos. </p>

In this insight, we highlight the closing of the pricing gaps between the major Korean holdcos and opcos, especially with the upcoming end of the ban on the short selling of shares in Korea in May. In this insight, we highlight 26 pair trades that involve Korean holdcos and opcos.Just a reminder that the ban on short selling of KOSPI 200 and KOSDAQ 150 included stocks will remain in place until May 2nd and investors will be able to resume their shorting on these 350 stocks starting on May 3rd. Once this ban on short selling of stocks ends, there could be more investors that may look to add to the holdco shares and short the opco shares (especially among the pairs where the holdco shares have underperformed the opco shares in the past year). However, some of these moves have already started to take place in the past few weeks, which could reduce the overall profits on the pair trades. Traditionally, the pair trades involving Korean holdcos and opcos have been a trading strategy that many hedge funds have employed for many years. However, the ban on short selling of stocks in Korea have prevented many of these funds from employing these pair trade strategies. Once the ban ends, you will likely see these funds becoming more active in these trading methods once again. 
In the section below, we separated the pair trades into two different sections. The first table involves major opcos outperforming holdcos (regular and quasi) in the past year. Of the 26 pair trade strategies mentioned in this insight, this section I involves 19 of them (73% of total). The section II (which involve holdcos outperforming the opcos in the past year) involves 7 pair trade strategies (27% of total).
In other words, the opcos in general have vastly outperformed the holdcos in the past year, especially due to the ban on the short selling of stocks in Korea. Because the opcos tend to be the bigger company than the holdcos in terms of market cap, many fund managers (both active and passive) have tended to just invest in the opcos and pay less attention to the holdcos.  
Also, we described the holdcos as either regular or quasi. SK Telecom and Samsung C&amp;T would be examples of "quasi" holdcos whereas Orion Holdings and Hanjin Kal would be examples of regular holdcos. 

Closing the Gap: Korean Holdcos Vs. Opcos

<p>It was announced after the market close on 22 April that <a href="https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20210422140100030?input=1195m" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Lotte Property &amp; Development</a> ("Lotte P&amp;D" or "Lotte Moolsan") will acquire 25% stakes of Lotte Shopping and Hotel Lotte's stakes in Lotte World Tower and Lotte World Mall for 1.4 trillion won ($1.3 billion) (including land and buildings). After this transaction, Lotte P&amp;D will have 100% stakes in Lotte World Tower and Lotte World Mall. </p><p>Prior to this transaction, Lotte World Tower and Lotte World Mall were owned by Lotte P&amp;D (75%), Lotte Shopping (15%), and Hotel Lotte (10%), respectively. Lotte P&amp;D will pay 831.2 billion won to Lotte Shopping and 555.4 billion won to Hotel Lotte according to the share ratios. The acquisition date is set for 7 May. The transaction amount was determined by calculating the average appraisal values by three companies. </p>

It was announced after the market close on 22 April that Lotte Property &amp; Development ("Lotte P&amp;D" or "Lotte Moolsan") will acquire 25% stakes of Lotte Shopping and Hotel Lotte's stakes in Lotte World Tower and Lotte World Mall for 1.4 trillion won ($1.3 billion) (including land and buildings). After this transaction, Lotte P&amp;D will have 100% stakes in Lotte World Tower and Lotte World Mall. Prior to this transaction, Lotte World Tower and Lotte World Mall were owned by Lotte P&amp;D (75%), Lotte Shopping (15%), and Hotel Lotte (10%), respectively. Lotte P&amp;D will pay 831.2 billion won to Lotte Shopping and 555.4 billion won to Hotel Lotte according to the share ratios. The acquisition date is set for 7 May. The transaction amount was determined by calculating the average appraisal values by three companies. 

Lotte P&D to Buy 25% Stakes in Lotte World Tower & Lotte World Mall for 1.4 Trillion Won - Why?

<p>What a surprise. Lotte Chemical, once pursuing Hitachi Chemical, is now owning a 4.46% stake in Showa Denko, which beat Lotte in the Hitachi Chemical race.</p><hr><p><em>Below is Lotte Chemical's regulatory filing for the 1Q quarterly report. Here, it says that it owns a 4.46% stake.</em></p><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/135/049/original/1.png?1590116665" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="135049"></figure><div class="content-caption">(Source: <a href="http://dart.fss.or.kr/dsaf001/main.do?rcpNo=20200515001484" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DART</a>)</div><hr><h2>How exactly did Lotte do it?</h2><p>Lotte disclosed in the same regulatory filing that it had begun to buy Showa Denko shares on March 13. In March, it had amassed a total of 3.8M shares (2.54%) for ₩88.4bil. Then in April, it had bought other 2.87M shares (1.92%) for ₩73.3bil, bringing up the total to 6.67M shares (4.46%).</p><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/135/051/original/2.png?1590116991" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="135051"></figure><h2>Block deals or bought directly in the market?</h2><p>There have been no official words on how Lotte had obtained these shares. But the local street speculates that Lotte had purchased the shares in the market. Below is the latest news report that quotes one industry source saying that Lotte had acquired the shares directly in the market in small quantities from March to April this year.</p><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/135/056/original/4.png?1590117494" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="135056"></figure><div class="content-caption">(Source: <a href="https://view.asiae.co.kr/article/2020052209375771677" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Asia Business Daily</a> - May 22, 2020)</div>

What a surprise. Lotte Chemical, once pursuing Hitachi Chemical, is now owning a 4.46% stake in Showa Denko, which beat Lotte in the Hitachi Chemical race.Below is Lotte Chemical's regulatory filing for the 1Q quarterly report. Here, it says that it owns a 4.46% stake.(Source: DART)How exactly did Lotte do it?Lotte disclosed in the same regulatory filing that it had begun to buy Showa Denko shares on March 13. In March, it had amassed a total of 3.8M shares (2.54%) for ₩88.4bil. Then in April, it had bought other 2.87M shares (1.92%) for ₩73.3bil, bringing up the total to 6.67M shares (4.46%).Block deals or bought directly in the market?There have been no official words on how Lotte had obtained these shares. But the local street speculates that Lotte had purchased the shares in the market. Below is the latest news report that quotes one industry source saying that Lotte had acquired the shares directly in the market in small quantities from March to April this year.(Source: The Asia Business Daily - May 22, 2020)

Lotte Chemical Is Buying Showa Denko Shares in Market: Now Holds 4.46%

South Korea

LOTTE Corporation is a pure holding company of Lotte Group Korea. It was established in 2017. Lotte Group Korea develops various high quality products and services in the five main business areas: food production/sales, distribution, sightseeing service, heavy chemical/construction and finance/investment.

Price Gauge
52-week Range	0.00 - 0.00
Market Cap (USDm)	0.00
P/E	0.00
Dividend (Yield)	0.00

LOTTE Corporation (004990 KS)

Korea Top Conglomerates Synthetic Pair Trading

This post explores pair trading opportunities on Korea's top conglomerates using their major subsidiaries as a synthetic target for a hedge.

Sanghyun Park

Korea Pair Trades: High Risk/Reward Names with Short Sell Screen

With the resumption of short selling in Korea, we highlight correlated pairs from the same GICS sub-industry that are near reversion points and...

Brian Freitas

Closing the Gap: Korean Holdcos Vs. Opcos

In this insight, we highlight the closing of the pricing gaps between the major Korean holdcos and opcos, especially with the upcoming end of the...

Douglas Kim

Lotte P&D to Buy 25% Stakes in Lotte World Tower & Lotte World Mall for 1.4 Trillion Won - Why?

Lotte Property & Development will acquire 25% stakes of Lotte Shopping and Hotel Lotte's stakes in Lotte World Tower and Lotte World Mall for 1.4...

Douglas Kim

Lotte Chemical Is Buying Showa Denko Shares in Market: Now Holds 4.46%

What a surprise. Lotte Chemical, once pursuing Hitachi Chemical, is now owning a 4.46% stake in Showa Denko, which beat Lotte in the Hitachi...

Sanghyun Park

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