Independent Insight Provider, Japanese equities, LightStream Research

Scott Foster

Independent Insight Provider, Japanese equities

Long-Short Analysis on Japan, Asia and the World

LightStream Research

LightStream conducts quantitatively rigorous and data-driven analysis with a focus on Japan and Asia.

We consistently cover the Tech, Consumer and Industrial sectors, and provide ECM and Events coverage more broadly.

We supplement traditional qualitative insights from company relationships with a robust quantitative foundation that examines as much historical data as is available.
We further refine the accuracy of our insights and calls through the use of alternative data to flesh out current trends, and through a valuation framework that emphasises non-superficial peer group selection and a proper attempt to understand the metrics and changes that have driven security valuations in the past.

Equity Bottom-Up

<ul>
<li>On June 25, NEC (Japan's leading producer of telecom equipment) and NTT (9432 JP) (Japan's largest telecom network operator) announced plans for joint R&amp;D and global marketing of 5G and other products incorporating leading edge optical and wireless technologies.</li>
<li>To cement the alliance and support the R&amp;D and marketing, NTT has agreed to invest ¥64.5 billion to acquire a 4.8% stake in NEC. </li>
<li>Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) plans to provide ¥70 billion to NEC, Fujitsu and other Japanese companies to develop 5G equipment and networks.</li>
<li>Also, faced with growing Conservative Party opposition to Huawei, Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s UK government is reportedly talking with NEC and considering Samsung Electronics (005930 KS) as alternative suppliers of 5G telecom equipment. NEC and Samsung announced a partnership to develop 5G and IT solutions in October 2018.</li>
<li>Coming on top of extensive restructuring, these developments support our forecast of continued growth in NEC's operating profit through FY Mar-23 and improve the company's longer term prospects.</li>
</ul>


On June 25, NEC (Japan's leading producer of telecom equipment) and NTT (9432 JP) (Japan's largest telecom network operator) announced plans for joint R&amp;D and global marketing of 5G and other products incorporating leading edge optical and wireless technologies.
To cement the alliance and support the R&amp;D and marketing, NTT has agreed to invest ¥64.5 billion to acquire a 4.8% stake in NEC. 
Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) plans to provide ¥70 billion to NEC, Fujitsu and other Japanese companies to develop 5G equipment and networks.
Also, faced with growing Conservative Party opposition to Huawei, Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s UK government is reportedly talking with NEC and considering Samsung Electronics (005930 KS) as alternative suppliers of 5G telecom equipment. NEC and Samsung announced a partnership to develop 5G and IT solutions in October 2018.
Coming on top of extensive restructuring, these developments support our forecast of continued growth in NEC's operating profit through FY Mar-23 and improve the company's longer term prospects.


NEC (6701 JP): Tie-Up with NTT Raises 5G Profile

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist, LightStream Research

Campbell Gunn

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist

Thematic (Sector/Industry)

<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/143/496/original/2020-06-30_14-16-44.png?1593494217" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="143496"></figure>
<div class="content-caption">Source • Japan Analytics</div>
<p><strong>THE CASH CONVERSION CYCLE</strong> - Net Working Capital is a measure of how efficiently a company manages its short-term assets and liabilities to generate cash and is also known as the Cash Conversion Cycle. In practice, Net Working Capital is scaled by the number of days of Revenue or Cost of Goods Sold that are 'tied' up in three components - Receivables, Inventory, and Payables.</p>
<p><strong>Net Working Capital Days</strong> varies by industry and the lower the number, the better. Amounts over 210 days are excessive, and a sign of business stress.  Net Working Capital is defined as:-</p>
<ul>
<li>
<strong>+ Receivables/Revenue </strong>- the average number of days required to collect on sales. Businesses usually extend a degree of credit to non-cash customers.  Receivables Days over 100 are excessive.</li>
<li>
<strong>+ Inventory/Cost of Goods Sold -</strong> the average number of days it takes to sell out of Inventory. Amounts vary widely by industry but days over 210 are excessive.</li>
<li>- <strong>Payables/Cost of Goods Sold -</strong>the average number of days the company takes to settle transactions with suppliers. By extending nominally interest-free credit, suppliers provide operating leverage to a business. A larger negative number is better, but days less than -100 are excessive.</li>
</ul>
<p>The relationship between Receivables and Payables should also be considered particularly where the company is giving more generous credit terms to its customers than it receives from its suppliers. The Cash Conversion Cycle for the aggregate of all non-financial currently-listed Japanese companies has averaged 77 days over the last thirty years. However, over the previous twelve months., a fourteen-day rise in Inventory Days during the last four years has pushed Net Working Capital Days to 93.</p>
<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/143/529/original/2020-06-30_15-09-41.png?1593497395" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="143529"></figure>
<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/143/530/original/2020-06-30_15-10-32.png?1593497471" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="143530"></figure>
<div class="content-caption">Source • Japan Analytics</div>
<div class="content-caption"></div>
<p><strong>NET WORKING CAPITAL DAYS AS A STRESS TEST</strong> - The correlation between Net Working Capital Days and relative performance varies by company and by Sectors. The examples above show how signals can be heeded -  <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/nikon-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:7117:1" rel="noopener">Nikon (7731 JP)</a>, or ignored - <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/smc-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:20866:1" rel="noopener">SMC (6273 JP)</a> since 2018. (For more on SMC working capital issues, please see my colleague <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/profiles/scott-foster" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="accounts:1134" rel="noopener">Scott Foster</a>'s Insight of last year - <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/insights/smc-6273-jp-getting-in-line-with-reality" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="insights:30081" rel="noopener">SMC (6273 JP): Getting in Line with Reality</a>).   </p>
<p>For this Insight, we have limited our review to larger capitalisation manufacturing companies. In the<strong> DETAIL</strong> section below, we shall cover the outliers at both ends of <strong>Receivables Days</strong>, <strong>Inventory Days</strong>, <strong>Payables Days</strong>, and finally <strong>Net Working Capital Days</strong>.</p>


Source • Japan Analytics
THE CASH CONVERSION CYCLE - Net Working Capital is a measure of how efficiently a company manages its short-term assets and liabilities to generate cash and is also known as the Cash Conversion Cycle. In practice, Net Working Capital is scaled by the number of days of Revenue or Cost of Goods Sold that are 'tied' up in three components - Receivables, Inventory, and Payables.
Net Working Capital Days varies by industry and the lower the number, the better. Amounts over 210 days are excessive, and a sign of business stress.  Net Working Capital is defined as:-


+ Receivables/Revenue - the average number of days required to collect on sales. Businesses usually extend a degree of credit to non-cash customers.  Receivables Days over 100 are excessive.

+ Inventory/Cost of Goods Sold - the average number of days it takes to sell out of Inventory. Amounts vary widely by industry but days over 210 are excessive.
- Payables/Cost of Goods Sold -the average number of days the company takes to settle transactions with suppliers. By extending nominally interest-free credit, suppliers provide operating leverage to a business. A larger negative number is better, but days less than -100 are excessive.

The relationship between Receivables and Payables should also be considered particularly where the company is giving more generous credit terms to its customers than it receives from its suppliers. The Cash Conversion Cycle for the aggregate of all non-financial currently-listed Japanese companies has averaged 77 days over the last thirty years. However, over the previous twelve months., a fourteen-day rise in Inventory Days during the last four years has pushed Net Working Capital Days to 93.


Source • Japan Analytics

NET WORKING CAPITAL DAYS AS A STRESS TEST - The correlation between Net Working Capital Days and relative performance varies by company and by Sectors. The examples above show how signals can be heeded -  Nikon (7731 JP), or ignored - SMC (6273 JP) since 2018. (For more on SMC working capital issues, please see my colleague Scott Foster's Insight of last year - SMC (6273 JP): Getting in Line with Reality).   
For this Insight, we have limited our review to larger capitalisation manufacturing companies. In the DETAIL section below, we shall cover the outliers at both ends of Receivables Days, Inventory Days, Payables Days, and finally Net Working Capital Days.

🇯🇵 JAPAN • Stress Tests Part 5: Net Working Capital Outliers

Telco/Internet specialist

Kirk Boodry

Redex Research

NTT (Nippon Telegraph & Telephone) / Equity Bottom-Up

<p><a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/nippon-telegraph-telephone-corporation" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:623:1" rel="noopener">NTT (Nippon Telegraph &amp; Telephone) (9432 JP)</a> will invest c. ¥67bn for a 5% stake in telecom equipment maker NEC whilst the two companies will work together on the development of 5G network equipment going forward. There are opportunities in the global space as 5G proliferates even as leading vendor Huawei struggles politically.  NTT has enough cash that it can afford to make this investment and still have plenty of resources for share buybacks. For NEC, this is the second meaningful 5G alliance this month and working with both NTT and Rakuten gives it cover as disruption comes to the telecom equipment market.</p>

NTT (Nippon Telegraph &amp; Telephone) (9432 JP) will invest c. ¥67bn for a 5% stake in telecom equipment maker NEC whilst the two companies will work together on the development of 5G network equipment going forward. There are opportunities in the global space as 5G proliferates even as leading vendor Huawei struggles politically.  NTT has enough cash that it can afford to make this investment and still have plenty of resources for share buybacks. For NEC, this is the second meaningful 5G alliance this month and working with both NTT and Rakuten gives it cover as disruption comes to the telecom equipment market.

NTT Invests in NEC, Belle of the 5G Ball?

<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/132/350/original/2020-05-10_07-41-07.png?1589064097" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="132350"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source • Japan Analytics</div><p><strong>HERD IMMUNITY</strong> - The market 'herd' continues to be immune to the siren song of earnings announcements. In last week's two reporting days, aggregate trailing operating income declined by ¥400 billion, while the current year forecast was trimmed by ¥800 billion. The respective numbers for net income were ¥600 billion and ¥200 billion - the latter being flattering in its 'deception' as the figure includes three net-income 'heavy' sogo-shosha. We expect a PER 'breakout' to above 18x in the coming week.</p><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/132/351/original/2020-05-10_08-08-43.png?1589065754" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="132351"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source • Japan Analytics</div><p><strong>INTERIM LEADING THE WAY</strong> - Our Results and Revisions scoring methodology tracks both Interim and Annual forecasts with the former signalling the direction of the latter. For some companies such as <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/fancl-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:15862:1" rel="noopener">Fancl (4921 JP)</a>, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/jcu-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:16229:1" rel="noopener">JCU (4975 JP)</a> and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/zenkoku-hosho-co-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:5537:1" rel="noopener">Zenkoku Hosho (7164 JP)</a>, the Interim forecast is sufficiently pessimistic as to taint the reliability of the annual forecast. Our Interim Score will reach a new ten-year low this week; the Annual Score did so last month. We do not expect the COVID-19 earnings cycle to bottom until the January/February's mostly third-quarter results announcements.</p><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/132/366/original/2020-05-10_09-01-50.png?1589068924" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="132366"></figure><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/132/367/original/2020-05-10_09-00-50.png?1589068939" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="132367"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source • Japan Analytics</div><div class="content-caption"></div><p>In the <strong>DETAIL</strong> below, we shall review the results, revisions and initial forecast announcements made by larger-cap (¥75b+) companies on Friday. The balance between positive/neutral/negative of the 211 results announcements was<strong> 90:27:107</strong>. The average change in Score was <strong>-1</strong>. For the 131 revisions/initial forecasts, the split was <strong>43:4:84</strong>  and the average Score was<strong> -5</strong>. Of the<strong> 155 </strong>companies declaring full-year results, <strong>49%</strong> made interim and annual forecasts for the current year. Two hundred thirty-three companies will announce on Monday, the largest of which by market capitalisation will be <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/softbank-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:27445:1" rel="noopener">Softbank Corp (9434 JP)</a>, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/mitsubishi-electric-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:11171:1" rel="noopener">Mitsubishi Electric (6503 JP)</a>, and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/bridgestone-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:8914:1" rel="noopener">Bridgestone (5108 JP)</a>. Friday's 'best' and worst scoring results were from <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/chiyoda-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:6232:1" rel="noopener">Chiyoda (6366 JP)</a> and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/keihan-electric-railway-co" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:6120:1" rel="noopener">Keihan Electric Railway (9045 JP)</a>, although the former is below our cap cut-off for our tables below. For more, see <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/profiles/mio-kato-cfa" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="accounts:713" rel="noopener">Mio Kato</a>'s results update <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/insights/chiyoda-gross-margin-disappoints-but-sg-a-control-continues" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="insights:39166" rel="noopener">Chiyoda – Gross Margin Disappoints but SG&amp;A Control Continues</a>. </p>

Source • Japan AnalyticsHERD IMMUNITY - The market 'herd' continues to be immune to the siren song of earnings announcements. In last week's two reporting days, aggregate trailing operating income declined by ¥400 billion, while the current year forecast was trimmed by ¥800 billion. The respective numbers for net income were ¥600 billion and ¥200 billion - the latter being flattering in its 'deception' as the figure includes three net-income 'heavy' sogo-shosha. We expect a PER 'breakout' to above 18x in the coming week.Source • Japan AnalyticsINTERIM LEADING THE WAY - Our Results and Revisions scoring methodology tracks both Interim and Annual forecasts with the former signalling the direction of the latter. For some companies such as Fancl (4921 JP), JCU (4975 JP) and Zenkoku Hosho (7164 JP), the Interim forecast is sufficiently pessimistic as to taint the reliability of the annual forecast. Our Interim Score will reach a new ten-year low this week; the Annual Score did so last month. We do not expect the COVID-19 earnings cycle to bottom until the January/February's mostly third-quarter results announcements.Source • Japan AnalyticsIn the DETAIL below, we shall review the results, revisions and initial forecast announcements made by larger-cap (¥75b+) companies on Friday. The balance between positive/neutral/negative of the 211 results announcements was 90:27:107. The average change in Score was -1. For the 131 revisions/initial forecasts, the split was 43:4:84  and the average Score was -5. Of the 155 companies declaring full-year results, 49% made interim and annual forecasts for the current year. Two hundred thirty-three companies will announce on Monday, the largest of which by market capitalisation will be Softbank Corp (9434 JP), Mitsubishi Electric (6503 JP), and Bridgestone (5108 JP). Friday's 'best' and worst scoring results were from Chiyoda (6366 JP) and Keihan Electric Railway (9045 JP), although the former is below our cap cut-off for our tables below. For more, see Mio Kato's results update Chiyoda – Gross Margin Disappoints but SG&amp;A Control Continues. 

🇯🇵 JAPAN • Results & Revisions Update 8th May - Lion, PPI, Hoya, Sogo Shosha, NEC

<ul>
<li>NEC has revised its sales and profit guidance for FY Mar-20. Operating profit is now estimated to have risen by 2.2x on a 6% increase in sales.</li>
<li>The primary reason for this was strong domestic investment in computing and communications technology driven by teleworking in response to COVID-19.</li>
<li>Audited results are scheduled to be announced on May 12.</li>
</ul>


NEC has revised its sales and profit guidance for FY Mar-20. Operating profit is now estimated to have risen by 2.2x on a 6% increase in sales.
The primary reason for this was strong domestic investment in computing and communications technology driven by teleworking in response to COVID-19.
Audited results are scheduled to be announced on May 12.


NEC (6701 JP): Teleworking Drives Upward Revision to FY Mar-20 Guidance

Japan

Canon Inc. is a professional and consumer imaging solutions company and patent-holder of digital imaging technologies. The Company's products include networked multifunction devices, digital and analog copiers, computer peripherals, facsimile machines, image filing systems, camcorders, cameras and lenses, semiconductor, and broadcast and medical equipment.

FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation develops, sells and services Imaging, Information, and Document Solutions.  Its products include color films, digital cameras, photofinishing products and equipment.  The Group also manufactures medical and graphic art use equipment and materials, FPD materials, and optical devices, and provides services on office copy machines, printers, and related equipment.

BROTHER INDUSTRIES, LTD. manufactures and markets communications and office equipment.  The Company's main products include facsimiles, digital copy machines, label printers, and word processors.  Brother Industries also manufactures and sells sewing machines and other tools.  The Company operates its business worldwide.

RICOH COMPANY, LTD. manufactures and markets office automation equipment, electronic devices, and photographic instruments.  The Company's diverse product line includes facsimiles, image scanners, printers, digital cameras, and personal computers, as well as a full range of analog, digital, and color copiers. Ricoh operates with a network of sales offices and tie-ups worldwide.

Seiko Epson Corporation manufactures communications equipment, electronic devices, and precision products.  The Company's products include printers, scanners, Liquid Crystal Projectors, semiconductors, quartz devices, and watches.

Konica Minolta Inc is mainly engaged in manufacturing office equipment and performance materials. It also operates health care businesses. The Company also makes copiers, personal computer peripherals, optical lenses, and measuring instruments.

Noritsu Koki Co., Ltd. manufactures various photo processors.  The Company specializes in high-speed mini-photo processing lab systems.  Noritsu Koki also produces OEM (original equipment manufacturer) supply for Kodak and Konica.

MCJ Co., Ltd. manufactures and markets personal computers and its related products.  The Company provides desktop and laptop computers, computer memories, printers, and hard drives.

TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION manufactures electronic equipment for distribution system, document processing, and household use.  The Company's products include Point of Sale (POS) systems, bar code scanners, copy machines, printers, and vacuum cleaners.

ELECOM CO., LTD. designs, manufactures, and markets computer peripherals, supplies, and accessories.  The Company offers a diverse range of products including adapters, cables, switches, local area network (LAN) devices, paper, keyboard covers, and chairs.

Western Digital Corporation is a global provider of solutions for the collection, storage, management, protection and use of digital content, including audio and video. The Company's products include hard drives, solid-state drives, and home entertainment and networking products.

Wistron Corporation manufactures and markets notebook computers, personal computers, and other related information products.

Quanta Computer Inc. manufactures and markets notebook computers and related peripheral equipment.

HP Inc. provides imaging and printing systems, computing systems, mobile devices, solutions, and services for business and home. The Company offers products which includes laser and inkjet printers, scanners, copiers and faxes, personal computers, workstations, storage solutions, and other computing and printing systems. HP sells its products worldwide.

Advantech Co., Ltd. manufactures and markets embedded personal computers (PC), network computing products, industrial automation products, and panel PCs.

Seagate Technology Holdings Public Limited Company offers computer hardware products. The Company designs, manufactures, and markets hard disk drives for enterprise applications, client compute applications, client non-compute applications, personal data backup systems, portable external storage systems and digital media systems.

Asustek Computer Inc. manufactures and markets computer motherboards, interface cards, notebook computers, and other related products.

Lenovo Group Limited, through its subsidiaries, sells, and manufactures personal computers and handheld devices. The Company also provides Internet services and IT services, and contracting manufacturing business.

Focus Media Information Technology Co., Ltd. engages in media network for advertisements including within cinemas, posters and advertising displays in commercial offices or buildings.

Focus Media Information Technology Co, Ltd. (002027 CH)

Focus Media Information Technology Co, Ltd.

NetApp, Inc. provides storage and data management solutions. The Company's storage solutions include specialized hardware, software, and services that provide storage management for open network environments. NetApp  serves enterprises, government agencies, and universities worldwide.

NEC Corporation manufactures and markets computers, telecommunication equipment, electronic devices, semiconductors, and software.  The Company's products include printers, modems, cellular phones, plasma display panels (PDP), network systems, memory, integrated circuits (IC), thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD), and printed circuit boards (PCB). NEC operates worldwide.

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NEC Corp (6701 JP)

NEC (6701 JP): Tie-Up with NTT Raises 5G Profile

On June 25, NEC (Japan's leading producer of telecom equipment) and NTT (9432 JP) (Japan's largest telecom network operator) announced plans for...

Scott Foster

🇯🇵 JAPAN • Stress Tests Part 5: Net Working Capital Outliers

THE CASH CONVERSION CYCLE - Net Working Capital is a measure of how efficiently a company manages its short-term assets and liabilities to...

Campbell Gunn

NTT Invests in NEC, Belle of the 5G Ball?

NTT (Nippon Telegraph & Telephone) (9432 JP) will invest c. ¥67bn for a 5% stake in telecom equipment maker NEC whilst the two companies will...

Kirk Boodry

🇯🇵 JAPAN • Results & Revisions Update 8th May - Lion, PPI, Hoya, Sogo Shosha, NEC

HERD IMMUNITY - The market 'herd' continues to be immune to the siren song of earnings announcements. In last week's two reporting days, aggregate...

Campbell Gunn

NEC (6701 JP): Teleworking Drives Upward Revision to FY Mar-20 Guidance

NEC has revised its sales and profit guidance for FY Mar-20. Operating profit is now estimated to have risen by 2.2x on a 6% increase in...

Scott Foster

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