Silver Point

Thomas J. Monaco

Independent Insight Provider

Silver Point is a boutique research firm that focuses on the broader financial services sector, with a particular focus on troubled institutions globally. 

Asia Ex Japan

Equity Bottom-Up

*Negative Operating Remain Troubling: DBS Group Holdings (DBS.SP) [DBS] reported 4Q20 results of SGD 1.0 bn, declining SGD 285 mn (22.0%) on a linked quarter basis. Results remain troubling across the board, as this is the second consecutive quarter that DBS reported negative operating jaws whilst the decline in loss provisions reversed course on weaker credit;*Credit Risk Challenges Management: We remain unconvinced that the moratorium exits are anything more than additional reliance on government schemes and relief programs, as this improvement would appear to be in contravention to the stress being experienced regionally. By our calculation, we find that net new NPLs continue to increase – up SGD 631 mn or increasing 41.7% on an annualized basis – more than doubling the figures of SGD 272 mn or 18.9% on an annualized basis for 3Q20. We feel that reserves should be shored up in the neighborhood of SGD 2.8bn – amounting now to three plus full quarters of results, comparing very unfavorably to the SGD 1.3 bn calculated (one quarter of results) just a quarter earlier and suggest that Lakshmi Vilas Bank’s (LVB) risk is not under the control; and *India Deal Poses Significant Challenges: : By our calculation and based on LVB’s FY 2Q21 results, the company would appear to be insolvent to the tune of INR 39 bn – nearly 56% greater than the DBS Bank India capital infusion. LVB loses money on an operating basis prior to loss provisions, as revenues (no clarity on what is recurring) of INR 15.4 bn are less than operating expenses of INR 16.0 bn – or by 3.7% at FY 2Q21; et al.  DBS expects DBS India to return to profitability and that the LVB deal will be ROE accretive over the next 12-24 months. We’d like some of what management is smoking.

*Negative Operating Remain Troubling: DBS Group Holdings (DBS.SP) [DBS] reported 4Q20 results of SGD 1.0 bn, declining SGD 285 mn (22.0%) on a linked quarter basis. Results remain troubling across the board, as this is the second consecutive quarter that DBS reported negative operating jaws whilst the decline in loss provisions reversed course on weaker credit;*Credit Risk Challenges Management: We remain unconvinced that the moratorium exits are anything more than additional reliance on government schemes and relief programs, as this improvement would appear to be in contravention to the stress being experienced regionally. By our calculation, we find that net new NPLs continue to increase – up SGD 631 mn or increasing 41.7% on an annualized basis – more than doubling the figures of SGD 272 mn or 18.9% on an annualized basis for 3Q20. We feel that reserves should be shored up in the neighborhood of SGD 2.8bn – amounting now to three plus full quarters of results, comparing very unfavorably to the SGD 1.3 bn calculated (one quarter of results) just a quarter earlier and suggest that Lakshmi Vilas Bank’s (LVB) risk is not under the control; and *India Deal Poses Significant Challenges: : By our calculation and based on LVB’s FY 2Q21 results, the company would appear to be insolvent to the tune of INR 39 bn – nearly 56% greater than the DBS Bank India capital infusion. LVB loses money on an operating basis prior to loss provisions, as revenues (no clarity on what is recurring) of INR 15.4 bn are less than operating expenses of INR 16.0 bn – or by 3.7% at FY 2Q21; et al.  DBS expects DBS India to return to profitability and that the LVB deal will be ROE accretive over the next 12-24 months. We’d like some of what management is smoking. 

DBS Group Holdings – COVID & India Not A Good Combo

* It Just Keeps Getting Worse: Punjab National Bank (PNB.IN) [PNB] reported net income of INR 5.1 bn, declining INR 1.1 bn (18.5%) linked quarter. Three factors drove the poor result: a) net interest income declined INR 627 mn (0.8%) despite loan growth of 1.2%, as the NIM declined 9 bp to 2.93%; b) a loss provision increase of INR 5.8 bn (14.0%). Despite the increase, provisioins still fell short given the acerating level of credit risk; and c) a 10.6% linked quarter increase in PNB’s tax rate to 47.2%, which detracted INR 1.0 bn from the bottom-line; and*Credit Risk Leads to Capital Shortfall: Inclusive of the INR 9.6 bn NCO, we find that PNB’s level of net new NPLs actually increased INR 82.6 bn or 33.3% on an annualized basis. While we have very little confidence in PNB’s reporting of problem assets at this stage, we take their word for current NPLs and find that at a minimum loss reserves are light by at least INR 730 mn  - or approximately 100% of stated book value. This is without accounting for the delayed or backlog provisions associated fraud accounts and ageing provisions to be complete in FY 1H21.

* It Just Keeps Getting Worse: Punjab National Bank (PNB.IN) [PNB] reported net income of INR 5.1 bn, declining INR 1.1 bn (18.5%) linked quarter. Three factors drove the poor result: a) net interest income declined INR 627 mn (0.8%) despite loan growth of 1.2%, as the NIM declined 9 bp to 2.93%; b) a loss provision increase of INR 5.8 bn (14.0%). Despite the increase, provisioins still fell short given the acerating level of credit risk; and c) a 10.6% linked quarter increase in PNB’s tax rate to 47.2%, which detracted INR 1.0 bn from the bottom-line; and*Credit Risk Leads to Capital Shortfall: Inclusive of the INR 9.6 bn NCO, we find that PNB’s level of net new NPLs actually increased INR 82.6 bn or 33.3% on an annualized basis. While we have very little confidence in PNB’s reporting of problem assets at this stage, we take their word for current NPLs and find that at a minimum loss reserves are light by at least INR 730 mn  - or approximately 100% of stated book value. This is without accounting for the delayed or backlog provisions associated fraud accounts and ageing provisions to be complete in FY 1H21.  

*Better Bottom-line Doesn’t Tell Entire Story: State Bank of India (SBIN.IN) [SBI] reported FY 3Q21 results of INR 55.8 bn, increasing INR 10.1 bn (22.1%) linked quarter. On top of a significant (albeit completely unwarranted) INR 55.0 bn (58.1%) decline in loss provisions, results were also highlighted by a turnaround in SBI’s operating jaws which are now positive; and*Reserve Challenge Should Lead To Capital Raise: While we note a net recovery of INR 48.4 bn (likely a non-recurring event given the exorbitant credit risk), we still find that net new NPLs increased INR 145.7 bn for an annualized increase of 41.6%.  By our calculation, we find that SBI’s reserves are short INR 1.2 bn - nearly four years of pre-tax results or 61% of market-cap.

*Better Bottom-line Doesn’t Tell Entire Story: State Bank of India (SBIN.IN) [SBI] reported FY 3Q21 results of INR 55.8 bn, increasing INR 10.1 bn (22.1%) linked quarter. On top of a significant (albeit completely unwarranted) INR 55.0 bn (58.1%) decline in loss provisions, results were also highlighted by a turnaround in SBI’s operating jaws which are now positive; and*Reserve Challenge Should Lead To Capital Raise: While we note a net recovery of INR 48.4 bn (likely a non-recurring event given the exorbitant credit risk), we still find that net new NPLs increased INR 145.7 bn for an annualized increase of 41.6%.  By our calculation, we find that SBI’s reserves are short INR 1.2 bn - nearly four years of pre-tax results or 61% of market-cap. 

*Challenged Again: HDFC Ltd (HDFC.IN) [HDFC] reported FY 3Q21 results of INR 29.3 bn, marginally increasing INR 557 mn (1.9%) on a linked quarter basis. However, core operating results came in at INR 25.4 bn, declining INR 1.7 bn (6.1%) over the same period – despite net interest income improving INR 4.0 bn (11.2%) off of a 30 bp NIM improvement to 3.00% and loan growth of 1.9%; and*Credit Quality Reverses Course: Given the INR 2.3 bn in NCOs during FY 3Q21, net new NPLs accelerated to INR 8.5 bn and increased 32.5% on an annualized basis. We would have preferred that HDFC be even more vigilant given the continued uncertainty with COVID-19. As such, we still find that HDFC’s reserve still needs shoring up by another INR 60 bn or just over two quarters of core operating results.

*Challenged Again: HDFC Ltd (HDFC.IN) [HDFC] reported FY 3Q21 results of INR 29.3 bn, marginally increasing INR 557 mn (1.9%) on a linked quarter basis. However, core operating results came in at INR 25.4 bn, declining INR 1.7 bn (6.1%) over the same period – despite net interest income improving INR 4.0 bn (11.2%) off of a 30 bp NIM improvement to 3.00% and loan growth of 1.9%; and*Credit Quality Reverses Course: Given the INR 2.3 bn in NCOs during FY 3Q21, net new NPLs accelerated to INR 8.5 bn and increased 32.5% on an annualized basis. We would have preferred that HDFC be even more vigilant given the continued uncertainty with COVID-19. As such, we still find that HDFC’s reserve still needs shoring up by another INR 60 bn or just over two quarters of core operating results.

Chief Economist & Political Strategist, CrossASEAN Research

Prasenjit K. Basu

Chief Economist & Political Strategist

CrossASEAN Research

At CrossASEAN Research we strive to produce unbiased and differentiated on the ground insights on companies across South East Asia. Our Research is produced for the most part after face to face meetings and conversations with company management to dig deep into the long term vision and strategy of the companies we cover. We seek to deliver investable and actionable themes on sectors and markets across SE Asia, often in collaboration with other Insight Providers across the region, pooling the vast experience of the analysts within the Smartkarma Ecosystem. We also offer bespoke work and tailor made trips for our clients. 

Insights across South East Asia

Macroeconomics

Turbo-charged by a 34% surge in public investment, a widening privatization and asset monetization program, and a credible mechanism for cleaning up banks' bad assets, India's real GDP is likely to grow 13.5% in FY2021/22. With a labour market as flexible as any in Asia, corporate taxes as low as Singapore for new manufacturers, production-linked incentives, efficiency gains from privatization, and steadily-greater lending by cleaned-up banks, real GDP will grow 10% annually over the decade ahead. Stay Overweight India. 
India's economy received a fillip from the Budget for FY2021/22, which contained a 34.5% YoY increase in public investment (particularly infrastructure), a wider focus on privatization of government-owned companies (including 3 banks and an insurer) as part of a radical agenda that includes monetization of the government's other assets and land (via the the creation of Infrastructure Investment Trusts), and steps to work out banks' bad loan problems via an asset reconstruction company (for government-owned banks) that would take over, manage and then sell the bad loans on the market.  
This fiscal year's deficit is projected to be 9.5% of GDP, although this number includes more transparent accounting, particularly by bringing food subsidies back onto the government's books (rather than onto those of the Food Corporation of India). Even with that transparency, though, the actual deficit is unlikely to be larger than 8% of GDP -- and GDP likely to be higher than the government has forecast. With the big boost to public investment, the successful vaccine rollout, labour-market reforms, production-linked incentives, broad-based and widening privatization program, and mechanisms to unclog bank lending, we expect real GDP to grow 13.5% in FY2021/22, with CPI inflation averaging 4% YoY, which will allow policy rates to decline. Given the buoyancy in tax revenues, we expect the fiscal deficit to moderate to 4.5% of GDP next fiscal year, and a virtuous circle of lower interest rates and more crowding in of private investment. 
While FY2021/22 will see the completion of eight big-ticket strategic sales of public enterprises (SCI, BPCL, ConCor, Air India, IDBI, two banks and an insurer) and one large IPO (of LIC), privatizations and asset monetization will mark the medium-term roll-out of "minimum government, maximum governance", as the government steadily withdraws from running businesses, turning them over instead to the dynamism of entrepreneurial India and FDI. A rationally cleaned-up banking system will be positioned also to fund new lending, while FDI and domestic investment help the reformed Indian economy capture an increasing share of global value chains (GVCs) fleeing China for safer shores. We expect real GDP growth of 10% annually over the 2021-30 decade, transforming India into a high-middle-income economy by the end of the decade. EPS growth too will reflect the economy's growth. Stay solidly Overweight India.

Turbo-charged by a 34% surge in public investment, a widening privatization and asset monetization program, and a credible mechanism for cleaning up banks' bad assets, India's real GDP is likely to grow 13.5% in FY2021/22. With a labour market as flexible as any in Asia, corporate taxes as low as Singapore for new manufacturers, production-linked incentives, efficiency gains from privatization, and steadily-greater lending by cleaned-up banks, real GDP will grow 10% annually over the decade ahead. Stay Overweight India. 
India's economy received a fillip from the Budget for FY2021/22, which contained a 34.5% YoY increase in public investment (particularly infrastructure), a wider focus on privatization of government-owned companies (including 3 banks and an insurer) as part of a radical agenda that includes monetization of the government's other assets and land (via the the creation of Infrastructure Investment Trusts), and steps to work out banks' bad loan problems via an asset reconstruction company (for government-owned banks) that would take over, manage and then sell the bad loans on the market.  
This fiscal year's deficit is projected to be 9.5% of GDP, although this number includes more transparent accounting, particularly by bringing food subsidies back onto the government's books (rather than onto those of the Food Corporation of India). Even with that transparency, though, the actual deficit is unlikely to be larger than 8% of GDP -- and GDP likely to be higher than the government has forecast. With the big boost to public investment, the successful vaccine rollout, labour-market reforms, production-linked incentives, broad-based and widening privatization program, and mechanisms to unclog bank lending, we expect real GDP to grow 13.5% in FY2021/22, with CPI inflation averaging 4% YoY, which will allow policy rates to decline. Given the buoyancy in tax revenues, we expect the fiscal deficit to moderate to 4.5% of GDP next fiscal year, and a virtuous circle of lower interest rates and more crowding in of private investment. 
While FY2021/22 will see the completion of eight big-ticket strategic sales of public enterprises (SCI, BPCL, ConCor, Air India, IDBI, two banks and an insurer) and one large IPO (of LIC), privatizations and asset monetization will mark the medium-term roll-out of "minimum government, maximum governance", as the government steadily withdraws from running businesses, turning them over instead to the dynamism of entrepreneurial India and FDI. A rationally cleaned-up banking system will be positioned also to fund new lending, while FDI and domestic investment help the reformed Indian economy capture an increasing share of global value chains (GVCs) fleeing China for safer shores. We expect real GDP growth of 10% annually over the 2021-30 decade, transforming India into a high-middle-income economy by the end of the decade. EPS growth too will reflect the economy's growth. Stay solidly Overweight India.  

India: Public Investment, Privatization & Bank Reform Set the Stage for Faster Growth

India

iShares MSCI India ETF is an exchange-traded fund incorporated in the USA. The ETF seeks investment results that correspond generally to the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI India Index.

iShares MSCI India ETF (INDA US)

DBS Group Holdings – COVID & India Not A Good Combo

DBS GROUP HOLDINGS: DBS reported a 4Q20 results decline of 22.0% linked quarter. Results remain troubling across the board. India deal poses...

Thomas J. Monaco

Punjab National Bank – Match Is Lit

PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK: PNB reported a net income decline of 18.5% linked quarter. Despite the increase, provisions still fell short to the tune of...

Thomas J. Monaco

State Bank of India – Bad Credit

STATE BANK OF INDIA: SBI reported FY 3Q21 result increase of 22.1%) linked quarter led by a completely unwarranted 58.1% decline in provisions and...

Thomas J. Monaco

HDFC – Credit Turn

HOUSING DEVELOPMENT FINANCE CORP: HDFC reported FY 3Q21 core results decline of 6.1%. Net new NPLs accelerated 32.5%, and reserves light by over...

Thomas J. Monaco

India: Public Investment, Privatization & Bank Reform Set the Stage for Faster Growth

Turbocharged by 34% surge in capex, a growing privatization & asset monetization program, & a credible mechanism for cleaning up banks' bad assets,...

Prasenjit K. Basu