Financials Credit Analyst

Hank Calenti, CFA

CreditContinuum

Credit

Executive Summary:  A slightly declining US interest rate yield curve aided in driving credit spreads tighter during the month of May while Asia’s bank credit market conditions remained largely positive, despite the recent flare-up in Covid-19 cases across the region. Global market liquidity metrics continued to push investors into risk assets and Asia’s bank debt benefitted from concerns in other parts of the market.Asia’s Tier 2 bonds slightly outperformed Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bonds during May. Both bank debt capital components generated positive total returns during the month. Given five-year effective durations, Asia's AT1 bonds have generated slightly positive total returns year-to-date while Tier 2 notes lag. As with April, Asia’s (x-Japan) US$-denominated bank bond performance diverged by duration during the month of May. Shorter-duration bonds outperformed and, for the most part, longer duration notes underperformed in Option Adjusted Spread terms.Longer duration, high BB rated bonds led spread widening over the month. These bonds were also predominantly Basel III debt capital securities. Unlike in April, there was a mixture of low and high spread bonds amongst underperformers. This suggests greater investor differentiation, via credit fundamentals, in longer duration notes.

Executive Summary:  A slightly declining US interest rate yield curve aided in driving credit spreads tighter during the month of May while Asia’s bank credit market conditions remained largely positive, despite the recent flare-up in Covid-19 cases across the region. Global market liquidity metrics continued to push investors into risk assets and Asia’s bank debt benefitted from concerns in other parts of the market.Asia’s Tier 2 bonds slightly outperformed Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bonds during May. Both bank debt capital components generated positive total returns during the month. Given five-year effective durations, Asia's AT1 bonds have generated slightly positive total returns year-to-date while Tier 2 notes lag. As with April, Asia’s (x-Japan) US$-denominated bank bond performance diverged by duration during the month of May. Shorter-duration bonds outperformed and, for the most part, longer duration notes underperformed in Option Adjusted Spread terms.Longer duration, high BB rated bonds led spread widening over the month. These bonds were also predominantly Basel III debt capital securities. Unlike in April, there was a mixture of low and high spread bonds amongst underperformers. This suggests greater investor differentiation, via credit fundamentals, in longer duration notes.

Bank Credit Compass: Asia Tier 2 and Short Duration Notes Sit in the Sweet Spot

Executive Summary: Surprisingly strong US non-farm payroll results on Friday may push yields higher as we start the week. Thereafter, rising Covid-19 cases and vaccine distribution issues may impinge on market sentiment, generating bouts of Treasury buying, a higher US dollar and a risk-off environment in general. These are opportunities to restock and reconsider risk-asset allocations.In a holiday shortened trading week, US Treasury yields had a relatively mild reaction to President Biden’s announced US$2.25 trillion infrastructure investment proposal. The US bond market was not open when March’s initial non-farm payroll (NFP) figures were announced on Friday. The NFP numbers suggest that the US economy is about to run hot. This should stoke reflation concerns as near term growth expectations rise.Covid-19 travel restrictions increased in Ontario, Canada as well as the entirety of France for the month of April. Meanwhile, the Philippines extended Covid-19 related restrictions in Manlla for an additional week through Sunday, 11 April.Amongst Asia EM banks, Philippine bank equity continued their underperformance with the recent lock-down announcements, while China’s banks remained relatively unchanged following year-end result disclosures. Philippine bank shares are lagging their peers in Asia.China’s Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission (CBIRC) outlined its proposals for additional capital buffers that would apply to domestically significant financial institutions. S&amp;P estimates that the largest banks need to issue as much as 6.5 trillion-yuan ($990 billion) in total loss-absorbing capacity (TLAC) debt capital by 2024 in order to meet Basel TLAC guidelines. We should see a build-up of this debt capital over the next few years with a material portion in non-local currency instruments. In Europe, Monday’s announcement by <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/credit-suisse-group-ag" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:22253:1" rel="noopener">Credit Suisse (CSGN VX)</a> that losses from exiting Archegos Capital Management could be “highly significant and material” had a materially adverse impact on investor sentiment regarding the firm. We noted in late February that CS’ risk tolerance exceeded that of its peers while its risk management appeared to have challenges. We were fortunate to be ahead of the market with our Underweight recommendation on CS bonds. When we initiated this call, the CS 4.5% coupon 2030 callable Additional Tier 1 bond was trading close to par. It is now below $94. Please see <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/compose/insight/49970/Credit%20Suisse:%20Where%20There%E2%80%99s%20Smoke,%20There%E2%80%99s%20a%20Capital%20Raise.%20Read%20more:%20https:/skr.ma/yxeJd" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Credit Suisse: Where There’s Smoke, There’s a Capital Raise</a> for more details.In Asia, long duration Subordinated, and Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bank bonds outperformed as Treasury notes sold-off slightly during the week. Concurrently, the belly of the European bank debt curve outperformed as these bonds narrowed by more than weakness in five-year Treasury’s.Market Outlook: From 1 April, with the start of Japan’s fiscal year, Japanese investors are typically net buyers of risk assets over the following months. This adds to a seasonality affect that usually pushes risk assets higher while safe-haven securities retreat. April may be a positive month from a total return basis, provided US Treasuries do not sell-off materially on inflation concerns.

Executive Summary: Surprisingly strong US non-farm payroll results on Friday may push yields higher as we start the week. Thereafter, rising Covid-19 cases and vaccine distribution issues may impinge on market sentiment, generating bouts of Treasury buying, a higher US dollar and a risk-off environment in general. These are opportunities to restock and reconsider risk-asset allocations.In a holiday shortened trading week, US Treasury yields had a relatively mild reaction to President Biden’s announced US$2.25 trillion infrastructure investment proposal. The US bond market was not open when March’s initial non-farm payroll (NFP) figures were announced on Friday. The NFP numbers suggest that the US economy is about to run hot. This should stoke reflation concerns as near term growth expectations rise.Covid-19 travel restrictions increased in Ontario, Canada as well as the entirety of France for the month of April. Meanwhile, the Philippines extended Covid-19 related restrictions in Manlla for an additional week through Sunday, 11 April.Amongst Asia EM banks, Philippine bank equity continued their underperformance with the recent lock-down announcements, while China’s banks remained relatively unchanged following year-end result disclosures. Philippine bank shares are lagging their peers in Asia.China’s Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission (CBIRC) outlined its proposals for additional capital buffers that would apply to domestically significant financial institutions. S&amp;P estimates that the largest banks need to issue as much as 6.5 trillion-yuan ($990 billion) in total loss-absorbing capacity (TLAC) debt capital by 2024 in order to meet Basel TLAC guidelines. We should see a build-up of this debt capital over the next few years with a material portion in non-local currency instruments. In Europe, Monday’s announcement by Credit Suisse (CSGN VX) that losses from exiting Archegos Capital Management could be “highly significant and material” had a materially adverse impact on investor sentiment regarding the firm. We noted in late February that CS’ risk tolerance exceeded that of its peers while its risk management appeared to have challenges. We were fortunate to be ahead of the market with our Underweight recommendation on CS bonds. When we initiated this call, the CS 4.5% coupon 2030 callable Additional Tier 1 bond was trading close to par. It is now below $94. Please see Credit Suisse: Where There’s Smoke, There’s a Capital Raise for more details.In Asia, long duration Subordinated, and Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bank bonds outperformed as Treasury notes sold-off slightly during the week. Concurrently, the belly of the European bank debt curve outperformed as these bonds narrowed by more than weakness in five-year Treasury’s.Market Outlook: From 1 April, with the start of Japan’s fiscal year, Japanese investors are typically net buyers of risk assets over the following months. This adds to a seasonality affect that usually pushes risk assets higher while safe-haven securities retreat. April may be a positive month from a total return basis, provided US Treasuries do not sell-off materially on inflation concerns.

Bank Credit Weekly: Employment Numbers Confirm a Hot US Economy

Executive Summary:  Rapidly rising interest rates present a challenge for credit to generate positive total returns. Unfortunately, the upward sloping sawtooth pattern of rising US interest rates ended the month on an upswing. Credit spreads needed to compress by as much to generate positive total returns. Only a small handful of Asia’s US$-denominated bank bonds (x-Japan) managed to generate positive total returns during the month of March. This was concentrated in a select sweet spot.Long duration, low investment grade rated, and high BB rated bonds led tightening over the month. Lower risk tolerance, as evidenced by the rating preferences, combined with duration desires to drive performance in March, as in February. One differentiating factor between March and February is the concentration amongst Thai- and South Korean-headquartered banks during March; however, these institutions are also the largest issuers of longer duration bank paper in Asia. As such, we see this as more of a duration, than a country story.From a pure credit spread perspective, ignoring movements in the risk-free rate, Asia’s bank bonds had an outstanding month with each of the +100 bonds that we track tightening during the month. Global monetary accommodation is in large part responsible for this spread compression. Credit fundamentals have yet to catch-up. Continued tightening, however, cannot be ruled out as credit tourists crowd-in and markets melt-up. Unfortunately for most, the recent tightening did not exceed the speed with which interest rates rose.Q1 2021 was a tough quarter for real money asset managers. We anticipate that US interest rates will continue to climb higher and may even accelerate their upward trajectory. If the trend is your friend and longer duration bonds continue to outperform, the risk is that of buying a bond which either has a higher level of volatility or is fully priced. With South Korean long-dated Senior Unsecured notes trading just north of 100 basis points (bps), it is hard to imagine these notes continuing to compress faster than interest rates. Asset managers may need to consider more subordinated, higher yielding notes to generate positive total returns over the near term. Investors will likely be pushed towards lower rated Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bonds in April / May to achieve positive total returns. Security selection may become more important.

Executive Summary:  Rapidly rising interest rates present a challenge for credit to generate positive total returns. Unfortunately, the upward sloping sawtooth pattern of rising US interest rates ended the month on an upswing. Credit spreads needed to compress by as much to generate positive total returns. Only a small handful of Asia’s US$-denominated bank bonds (x-Japan) managed to generate positive total returns during the month of March. This was concentrated in a select sweet spot.Long duration, low investment grade rated, and high BB rated bonds led tightening over the month. Lower risk tolerance, as evidenced by the rating preferences, combined with duration desires to drive performance in March, as in February. One differentiating factor between March and February is the concentration amongst Thai- and South Korean-headquartered banks during March; however, these institutions are also the largest issuers of longer duration bank paper in Asia. As such, we see this as more of a duration, than a country story.From a pure credit spread perspective, ignoring movements in the risk-free rate, Asia’s bank bonds had an outstanding month with each of the +100 bonds that we track tightening during the month. Global monetary accommodation is in large part responsible for this spread compression. Credit fundamentals have yet to catch-up. Continued tightening, however, cannot be ruled out as credit tourists crowd-in and markets melt-up. Unfortunately for most, the recent tightening did not exceed the speed with which interest rates rose.Q1 2021 was a tough quarter for real money asset managers. We anticipate that US interest rates will continue to climb higher and may even accelerate their upward trajectory. If the trend is your friend and longer duration bonds continue to outperform, the risk is that of buying a bond which either has a higher level of volatility or is fully priced. With South Korean long-dated Senior Unsecured notes trading just north of 100 basis points (bps), it is hard to imagine these notes continuing to compress faster than interest rates. Asset managers may need to consider more subordinated, higher yielding notes to generate positive total returns over the near term. Investors will likely be pushed towards lower rated Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bonds in April / May to achieve positive total returns. Security selection may become more important.

Bank Credit Compass: Positive Total Return Sweet Spot

Executive Summary: European bank AT1 significantly outperformed Asia as each EU benchmark Basel III bond tightened during the week. Concurrently, increased risk appetite resulted in performance across the credit continuum in Asia bank bonds. A steepening US Treasury yield curve and risk-on market sentiment drove bank credit spreads tighter, globally. Please see our <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/insights/bank-macro-manifest-risk-rally-gathers-steam-as-bad-news-more-stimulus" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="insights:47886" rel="noopener">Bank Macro Manifest: Risk Rally Gathers Steam as Bad News = More Stimulus</a> for more details.Europe’s AT1 performance further compressed option adjusted spreads between European AT1 and Asia financial institutions to 50bps inside 2019 levels. This begs the question of how much more spread compression is possible.Globally, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/unicredit-spa" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:21234:1" rel="noopener">UniCredit's (UCG IM)</a> 8% coupon 2024 callable note led AT1 and broader bank bond performance, tightening 102bps over the week. This outperformance coincided with positive risk asset sentiment following the announcement that former ECB President Mario Draghi was asked to form Italy’s next government. Investors may wish to consider what additional catalyst could drive spreads tighter. UniCredit is expected to report earnings on Thursday, 11 February.In Asia, Nanyang Commercial Bank led AT1 bond performance by tightening another 54bps on the week. Relative to <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/bank-of-east-asia-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:341:1" rel="noopener">Bank of East Asia's (23 HK)</a> 5 5/8% coupon 2022 callable note, the Nanyang outperformance is beginning to look overdone. Please see <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/insights/bank-credit-compass-credit-tourist-may-vacate-if-real-fundamentals-do-not-catch-up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bank Credit Compass: Credit Tourist May Vacate if Real Fundamentals Do Not Catch-Up</a> for more details.<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/state-bank-of-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener">State Bank of India's (SBIIN)</a> prediction of double-digit returns following results that were better than expectations, drove its shares to a 40% gain during the week. SBIIN’s credit was already there, in our view, but other India-headquartered bank credits may benefit.Meanwhile, in the broader Emerging Market (EM) Senior Unsecured HY area, Turkish bank bonds continued to catch-up with their higher rated EM peers with several notes tightening by +60bps over the week. Given the positive developments in Turkey over the last few weeks and the global risk-on environment, several of these banks continue to trade wide relative to most other EM banks.Market Outlook: Investors remain susceptible to management’s prophecies. Asset quality indicators may greatly underestimate the level of troubled debt due to continued forbearance, restructuring efforts and early-stage aging. This is driving provisioning costs lower than would be expected in a more normal operating environment. The value of these reports is significantly diminished for credit investors. Financial repression creates a market, which in its nature, is always a one-sided bet with the Fed / ECB/ BOJ. There is limited price discovery.  As such, credit value should remain driven by larger market forces.

Executive Summary: European bank AT1 significantly outperformed Asia as each EU benchmark Basel III bond tightened during the week. Concurrently, increased risk appetite resulted in performance across the credit continuum in Asia bank bonds. A steepening US Treasury yield curve and risk-on market sentiment drove bank credit spreads tighter, globally. Please see our Bank Macro Manifest: Risk Rally Gathers Steam as Bad News = More Stimulus for more details.Europe’s AT1 performance further compressed option adjusted spreads between European AT1 and Asia financial institutions to 50bps inside 2019 levels. This begs the question of how much more spread compression is possible.Globally, UniCredit's (UCG IM) 8% coupon 2024 callable note led AT1 and broader bank bond performance, tightening 102bps over the week. This outperformance coincided with positive risk asset sentiment following the announcement that former ECB President Mario Draghi was asked to form Italy’s next government. Investors may wish to consider what additional catalyst could drive spreads tighter. UniCredit is expected to report earnings on Thursday, 11 February.In Asia, Nanyang Commercial Bank led AT1 bond performance by tightening another 54bps on the week. Relative to Bank of East Asia's (23 HK) 5 5/8% coupon 2022 callable note, the Nanyang outperformance is beginning to look overdone. Please see Bank Credit Compass: Credit Tourist May Vacate if Real Fundamentals Do Not Catch-Up for more details.State Bank of India's (SBIIN) prediction of double-digit returns following results that were better than expectations, drove its shares to a 40% gain during the week. SBIIN’s credit was already there, in our view, but other India-headquartered bank credits may benefit.Meanwhile, in the broader Emerging Market (EM) Senior Unsecured HY area, Turkish bank bonds continued to catch-up with their higher rated EM peers with several notes tightening by +60bps over the week. Given the positive developments in Turkey over the last few weeks and the global risk-on environment, several of these banks continue to trade wide relative to most other EM banks.Market Outlook: Investors remain susceptible to management’s prophecies. Asset quality indicators may greatly underestimate the level of troubled debt due to continued forbearance, restructuring efforts and early-stage aging. This is driving provisioning costs lower than would be expected in a more normal operating environment. The value of these reports is significantly diminished for credit investors. Financial repression creates a market, which in its nature, is always a one-sided bet with the Fed / ECB/ BOJ. There is limited price discovery.  As such, credit value should remain driven by larger market forces.

Bank Credit Weekly: AT1 Outperformance in Risk-On Environment

Real credit fundamentals have yet to catch-up with spreads in bonds which continue to outperform. True fundamentals have a considerable gap to close relative to spread compression. Global monetary accommodation is in large part responsible for recent outperformance. However, credit tourists may have booked too early.Deeply subordinated Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bonds led in terms of spread tightening during January in Asia. Increased risk tolerance and a reach for yield, possibly by credit tourists, drove results as global vaccination efforts raised economic growth expectations. As such, Hong Kong and Thai- based bank securities outperformed, albeit for differing reasons.As Asia-headquartered banks report earnings, the quality of disclosure varies considerably from bank-to-bank. Even where disclosure is adequate, asset quality indicators may greatly underestimate the level of troubled debt due to continued forbearance, restructuring efforts and early-stage aging. This is driving provisioning costs lower than would be expected in a more normal operating environment. The value of these reports is significantly diminished for credit investors. Financial repression creates a market, which in its nature, is always a one-sided bet with the Fed / ECB/ BOJ.  There is limited price discovery. As such, credit value should remain driven by larger market forces.In terms of economic growth, the IMF projects 11.5% and 8.1% GDP growth this year for India and China, respectively. The near-term future is South Asian, but this may not apply to all. Most India-headquartered banks already price-in considerable recovery prospects. However, significant bank recapitalized in needed for the economic forecasts to materialize and for these banks spreads to be maintained.Eventually, it will be time to deliver real fundamental performance. In the meantime, monetary accommodation should remain the main driver of credit spreads while economic growth plays catch-up. Credit tourists are fickle and may vacate if either are delayed.

Real credit fundamentals have yet to catch-up with spreads in bonds which continue to outperform. True fundamentals have a considerable gap to close relative to spread compression. Global monetary accommodation is in large part responsible for recent outperformance. However, credit tourists may have booked too early.Deeply subordinated Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bonds led in terms of spread tightening during January in Asia. Increased risk tolerance and a reach for yield, possibly by credit tourists, drove results as global vaccination efforts raised economic growth expectations. As such, Hong Kong and Thai- based bank securities outperformed, albeit for differing reasons.As Asia-headquartered banks report earnings, the quality of disclosure varies considerably from bank-to-bank. Even where disclosure is adequate, asset quality indicators may greatly underestimate the level of troubled debt due to continued forbearance, restructuring efforts and early-stage aging. This is driving provisioning costs lower than would be expected in a more normal operating environment. The value of these reports is significantly diminished for credit investors. Financial repression creates a market, which in its nature, is always a one-sided bet with the Fed / ECB/ BOJ.  There is limited price discovery. As such, credit value should remain driven by larger market forces.In terms of economic growth, the IMF projects 11.5% and 8.1% GDP growth this year for India and China, respectively. The near-term future is South Asian, but this may not apply to all. Most India-headquartered banks already price-in considerable recovery prospects. However, significant bank recapitalized in needed for the economic forecasts to materialize and for these banks spreads to be maintained.Eventually, it will be time to deliver real fundamental performance. In the meantime, monetary accommodation should remain the main driver of credit spreads while economic growth plays catch-up. Credit tourists are fickle and may vacate if either are delayed.

Bank Credit Compass: Credit Tourist May Vacate if Real Fundamentals Do Not Catch-Up

India

IIFL Holdings Limited is a financial services company and is engaged, through its subsidiaries, in the businesses of  non-banking finance, housing finance, wealth management, asset management, institutional & retail brokerage and investment banking. The Company is also a distributor of insurance and other financial products.

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IIFL Holdings (IIFL IN)

Bank Credit Compass: Asia Tier 2 and Short Duration Notes Sit in the Sweet Spot

Asia’s Tier 2 notes slightly outperformed AT1 in May. Shorter-duration bonds outperformed although there was greater differentiation in longer...

Hank Calenti, CFA

Bank Credit Weekly: Employment Numbers Confirm a Hot US Economy

Strong US employment figures may push yields higher as we start the week. Thereafter, rising virus versus vaccine issues may impact market...

Hank Calenti, CFA

Bank Credit Compass: Positive Total Return Sweet Spot

The sweet spot for positive total returns seems to be in long duration, low investment grade, and high BB rated bonds. This was concentrated in...

Hank Calenti, CFA

Bank Credit Weekly: AT1 Outperformance in Risk-On Environment

European bank AT1 significantly outperformed Asia as each EU Basel III AT1 note tightened. Concurrently, increased risk appetite drove performance...

Hank Calenti, CFA

Bank Credit Compass: Credit Tourist May Vacate if Real Fundamentals Do Not Catch-Up

Credit tourists may vacate if economic growth and real credit fundaments are not delivered. The gap between credit spreads and fundamentals is...

Hank Calenti, CFA

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