Alpha-Centric ESG Research

Kyle Rudden

Shortly after publishing <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/insights/engine-versus-exxon-activist-hedge-fund-s-proxy-fight-win-reverberates-through-big-oil-boardrooms" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="insights:52318" rel="noopener">Engine Versus Exxon: Activist Hedge Fund's Proxy Fight Win Reverberates Through "Big Oil" Boardrooms</a>, I decided that a follow-up report (such as this one) would be a good supplement. So, consider this an addendum of sorts to that first Insight.Whereas "Engine Versus Exxon" was a mostly qualitative discussion of recent events for Exxon and six other supermajors, this is a more data-driven look of a much larger universe of oil stocks; 50 in total, representing 24 countries (mainly in the Americas, Asia Pacific, and Europe).Together, they are a good proxy for the broader Energy sector – an aggregate market capitalisation of US$4.6 trillion, and responsible for an astounding 20.5 billion MtCO2e in emissions, about 65% of all energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.This is a relatively focused Insight, covering four related areas:<ol>
<li>
Carbon Footprints: Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions for each (ranked and sorted).</li>
<li>
Climate Policies: Where each stands vis-à-vis implementation of climate-related policies.</li>
<li>
Emissions Targets: Which companies are claiming to go net-zero emissions, and by when.</li>
<li>
Capital Investment: How future CapEx is (or is not) aligned with global warming targets.</li>
</ol>

Shortly after publishing Engine Versus Exxon: Activist Hedge Fund's Proxy Fight Win Reverberates Through "Big Oil" Boardrooms, I decided that a follow-up report (such as this one) would be a good supplement. So, consider this an addendum of sorts to that first Insight.Whereas "Engine Versus Exxon" was a mostly qualitative discussion of recent events for Exxon and six other supermajors, this is a more data-driven look of a much larger universe of oil stocks; 50 in total, representing 24 countries (mainly in the Americas, Asia Pacific, and Europe).Together, they are a good proxy for the broader Energy sector – an aggregate market capitalisation of US$4.6 trillion, and responsible for an astounding 20.5 billion MtCO2e in emissions, about 65% of all energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.This is a relatively focused Insight, covering four related areas:

Carbon Footprints: Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions for each (ranked and sorted).

Climate Policies: Where each stands vis-à-vis implementation of climate-related policies.

Emissions Targets: Which companies are claiming to go net-zero emissions, and by when.

Capital Investment: How future CapEx is (or is not) aligned with global warming targets.


Greenhouse Gas Emissions Profiles of 50 of the World's Largest Oil Companies

Global Emerging Market Equities, Propitious Research

Wium Malan, CFA

Global Emerging Market Equities

Independent, Fundamental Quantitative Research

Propitious Research

Fully independent, fundamental and quantitative equity research, focused on companies in the Telecommunication, Media, Technology, Internet and Healthcare sectors in the Global Emerging Markets. Idea generation focused on Quality stocks, trading below their intrinsic Value, with sound Corporate Governance.

Quantitative Analysis

This insight provides the output, and an overview of, our proprietary GEM screening model, which takes a three-pronged approached to finding the best medium-term long ideas within the top100 largest stocks in the MSCI GEM Index. The model is based on 1) a typical quantitative multifactor screening model, enhanced by two Artificial Intelligence Technology-based approaches using 2) a Deep Neural Network model, and 3) a Recurrent Neural Network model. This model, which has been developed and tweaked over the past 24 months (and implemented in its current state for 12 months), has a solid real-world performance track record, which I set out in the detail below. Notable new entrants to the top decile this month include <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/gazprom-pjsc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:23749:1" rel="noopener">Gazprom PJSC (GAZP RX)</a>, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/mediatek-inc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:772:1" rel="noopener">Mediatek Inc (2454 TT)</a>, and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/sberbank-of-russia-pjsc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:24142:1" rel="noopener">Sberbank Of Russia Pjsc (SBER LI)</a>.<table class="table table-striped">
<colgroup>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 48pt;">rank</td>
<td style="width: 169pt;">Name</td>
<td style="width: 119pt;">Sector</td>
<td style="width: 95pt;">Location</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 48pt;">prev.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">1</td>
<td>CNOOC LTD</td>
<td>Energy</td>
<td>China</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">2</td>
<td>GAZPROM</td>
<td>Energy</td>
<td>Russian Federation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">89</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">3</td>
<td>CHINA RESOURCES LAND LTD</td>
<td>Real Estate</td>
<td>China</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">4</td>
<td>PTT NON-VOTING DR PCL</td>
<td>Energy</td>
<td>Thailand</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">39</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">5</td>
<td>MEDIATEK INC</td>
<td>Information Technology</td>
<td>Taiwan</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">81</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">6</td>
<td>PAO NOVATEK GDR</td>
<td>Energy</td>
<td>Russian Federation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">7</td>
<td>GEELY AUTOMOBILE HOLDINGS LTD</td>
<td>Consumer Discretionary</td>
<td>China</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">8</td>
<td>SBERBANK ROSSII</td>
<td>Financials</td>
<td>Russian Federation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">59</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">9</td>
<td>SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS LTD</td>
<td>Information Technology</td>
<td>Korea (South)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">41</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">10</td>
<td>FIRSTRAND LTD</td>
<td>Financials</td>
<td>South Africa</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">30</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="5" style="text-align: left;">Source: FactSet financial data and analytics, my estimates and calculations, Tensorflow, Keras, Google Colaboratory, pandas</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>As usual, please feel free to reach out for the full output table, any questions, clarifications needed or suggestions.

This insight provides the output, and an overview of, our proprietary GEM screening model, which takes a three-pronged approached to finding the best medium-term long ideas within the top100 largest stocks in the MSCI GEM Index. The model is based on 1) a typical quantitative multifactor screening model, enhanced by two Artificial Intelligence Technology-based approaches using 2) a Deep Neural Network model, and 3) a Recurrent Neural Network model. This model, which has been developed and tweaked over the past 24 months (and implemented in its current state for 12 months), has a solid real-world performance track record, which I set out in the detail below. Notable new entrants to the top decile this month include Gazprom PJSC (GAZP RX), Mediatek Inc (2454 TT), and Sberbank Of Russia Pjsc (SBER LI).









rank
Name
Sector
Location
prev.


1
CNOOC LTD
Energy
China
25


2
GAZPROM
Energy
Russian Federation
89


3
CHINA RESOURCES LAND LTD
Real Estate
China
45


4
PTT NON-VOTING DR PCL
Energy
Thailand
39


5
MEDIATEK INC
Information Technology
Taiwan
81


6
PAO NOVATEK GDR
Energy
Russian Federation
48


7
GEELY AUTOMOBILE HOLDINGS LTD
Consumer Discretionary
China
2


8
SBERBANK ROSSII
Financials
Russian Federation
59


9
SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS LTD
Information Technology
Korea (South)
41


10
FIRSTRAND LTD
Financials
South Africa
30

Source: FactSet financial data and analytics, my estimates and calculations, Tensorflow, Keras, Google Colaboratory, pandas

As usual, please feel free to reach out for the full output table, any questions, clarifications needed or suggestions.

Asset Allocation & Fund Positioning, Copley Fund Research

Steven Holden

Asset Allocation & Fund Positioning

Copley Fund Research

Copley Fund Research provide research and data on asset allocation among Global and Emerging Market equity funds.  The analysis details absolute and relative positioning across countries, sectors and industries together with highly granular data on single stock and single fund allocations.  The data is updated monthly with time series going back to January 2011.

Global Research - Analysis of 165 prominent Global equity funds, combined AUM $335bn
GEM Research - Analysis of 127 prominent global EM equity funds, combined AUM $250bn

Asset Allocation - Global and GEM Equity

Cross Asset Strategy

Russia is the largest country overweight among active Emerging Market funds.  The average holding weight of 4.11% represents an overweight of 1.04% above the iShares MSCI Emerging Markets ETF weight (cash adjusted).In the wake of new US sanctions and troops gathering on the Ukraine border, the key stock risks to active investors are overweight positions in <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/sberbank-of-russia-pjsc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:24142:1" rel="noopener">Sberbank Of Russia Pjsc (SBER LI)</a>, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/lukoil-pjsc-ea76a137-f664-4066-ba45-32e13c8b007e" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:28476:1" rel="noopener">LUKOIL PJSC (LUKOY US)</a> and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/yandex-nv-a" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:414:1" rel="noopener">Yandex (YNDX US)</a>, with over 80% of the funds in our analysis holding one or more of these stocks.The 2014 annexation of Crimea provides a useful insight in to the behavior of active investors during a period of political uncertainty.  EM investors were quick to react, reducing Russia exposure by 4.26% over the course of the year and over a quarter of funds moving from overweight to underweight.  Whether this situation reaches the heights of 2014 remains to be seen, but do not underestimate an active manager's willingness to cut or reduce allocations when the investment case becomes muddied by political events.

Russia is the largest country overweight among active Emerging Market funds.  The average holding weight of 4.11% represents an overweight of 1.04% above the iShares MSCI Emerging Markets ETF weight (cash adjusted).In the wake of new US sanctions and troops gathering on the Ukraine border, the key stock risks to active investors are overweight positions in Sberbank Of Russia Pjsc (SBER LI), LUKOIL PJSC (LUKOY US) and Yandex (YNDX US), with over 80% of the funds in our analysis holding one or more of these stocks.The 2014 annexation of Crimea provides a useful insight in to the behavior of active investors during a period of political uncertainty.  EM investors were quick to react, reducing Russia exposure by 4.26% over the course of the year and over a quarter of funds moving from overweight to underweight.  Whether this situation reaches the heights of 2014 remains to be seen, but do not underestimate an active manager's willingness to cut or reduce allocations when the investment case becomes muddied by political events. 

Russia:  Overweight Risk as Ukraine Tensions Rise

Technical Analyst, Vermilion Research

Joe Jasper

Technical Analyst

Technical and Quantitative Research

Vermilion Research

Vermilion’s objective is to deliver timely, actionable, and unique technical research to professional investors through the application of our various technical indicators.

Our research strategists seek to highlight securities which we believe are at major inflection points, based on our various technical and quantitative indicators, and offer asymmetric risk/return profiles. Our unique research methodology, centered on relative strength, enables our strategists to deliver superior investment recommendations.

Our process begins by organizing the universe of actively traded stocks into discrete sectors, then into industry groups. We then apply our technical and quantitative tools to identify developing price trends. Once attractive trends are identified within a selected sector or group, we screen for individual stocks which we believe offer the best risk/reward profile. We provide a historical perspective that often reveals, through our long-term charts, how price patterns often repeat themselves over time.

Technical Analysis

EURO STOXX 50 Price EUR / Technical Analysis

Our intermediate-term outlook remains constructive with major support levels holding on the broad global indexes (MSCI ACWI, ACWI ex-US, EM, and EAFE). Still, we continue to see some reason for caution as various market dynamics have deteriorated, leading us to a more neutral outlook in the near-term.

Our intermediate-term outlook remains constructive with major support levels holding on the broad global indexes (MSCI ACWI, ACWI ex-US, EM, and EAFE). Still, we continue to see some reason for caution as various market dynamics have deteriorated, leading us to a more neutral outlook in the near-term.

EM Energy allocations are at record lows.  A big exodus in the first half of 2020 pushed allocations to their lowest levels since our records start in 2008.   The aggressive scaling back of positioning had a dramatic effect on prices, with the MSCI EM Energy sector suffering one of the worst 12 month periods of underperformance in nearly 2 decades.  But the ownership picture is beginning to stabilize.  On a stock level, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/lukoil-pjsc-2bfe0130-461e-4ff3-af12-93bec12e6325" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:27148:1" rel="noopener">LUKOIL (LKOH RM)</a> appears to be the GOAT, with its backing of almost half of the funds in our analysis, well spread across the style spectrum in addition to being a net overweight.  <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/reliance-industries-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:198:1" rel="noopener"> Reliance Industries (RIL IN)</a> is also a high conviction stock, held by fewer funds than Lukoil but in greater size.  It also represents a significant underweight to many EM investors.  The most depressed stock of the larger holdings is <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/cnooc-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:175:1" rel="noopener">CNOOC Ltd (883 HK)</a> , once held by over 60% of the funds in our analysis, now by just 24%.Analysis taken from our EM research, covering the collective allocations of 242 Global Emerging Market active funds, with combined AUM of $460bn

EM Energy allocations are at record lows.  A big exodus in the first half of 2020 pushed allocations to their lowest levels since our records start in 2008.   The aggressive scaling back of positioning had a dramatic effect on prices, with the MSCI EM Energy sector suffering one of the worst 12 month periods of underperformance in nearly 2 decades.  But the ownership picture is beginning to stabilize.  On a stock level, LUKOIL (LKOH RM) appears to be the GOAT, with its backing of almost half of the funds in our analysis, well spread across the style spectrum in addition to being a net overweight.   Reliance Industries (RIL IN) is also a high conviction stock, held by fewer funds than Lukoil but in greater size.  It also represents a significant underweight to many EM investors.  The most depressed stock of the larger holdings is CNOOC Ltd (883 HK) , once held by over 60% of the funds in our analysis, now by just 24%.Analysis taken from our EM research, covering the collective allocations of 242 Global Emerging Market active funds, with combined AUM of $460bn

EM Energy: Big Underperformance - Positioning at Record Lows, but Stabilizing.

Russia

Gazprom PJSC operates gas pipeline systems, produces and explores gas, as well as transports high pressure gas in the Russian Federation and European countries. The Company also engaged in oil production, oil refining, gas storage, and electric and heat energy generation.

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Gazprom PJSC (GAZP RM)

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Profiles of 50 of the World's Largest Oil Companies

A quick overview of the carbon footprints and climate policies of 50 of the world's largest oil stocks (mainly Asia Pacific, Americas, and Europe...

Kyle Rudden

Screening for GEMs: May 2021

This insight provides an overview of our proprietary GEM screening model which is based on a multifactor screening model, a Deep Neural Network...

Wium Malan, CFA

Russia: Overweight Risk as Ukraine Tensions Rise

Russia is the largest overweight in EM as Ukraine tensions rise. Sberbank, Lukoil and Yandex are the largest stock overweights and the key risks...

Steven Holden

Major Breakout For EURO STOXX 50

Our intermediate-term outlook remains constructive with major support levels holding on the broad global indexes (MSCI ACWI, ACWI ex-US, EM, and...

Vermilion Research

EM Energy: Big Underperformance - Positioning at Record Lows, but Stabilizing.

EM Energy exodus drives worst performance of EM Energy sector in over 15 years. EM active funds are now at their lowest ever exposure to EM Energy...

Steven Holden

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