In this briefing:
- Komatsu, HCM, CAT: The Stock Punishment Does Not Match the Outlook Deterioration Crime
- Kosaido TOB (7868 JP) Situation Gets Weird – Activists and Independent Opposition to an MBO.
- Aruhi Placement – Bigger than the IPO but Good Track Record and Price Performance Should Help
- FANCL: Playing the Long Game
- Pepper Food Services 4QFY2018 Results: Burnt, But a Lesson Learnt
1. Komatsu, HCM, CAT: The Stock Punishment Does Not Match the Outlook Deterioration Crime
We have been struck by the degree of underperformance of the construction machinery names despite strong earnings performance. While the cyclical nature of the names makes judging performance purely on earnings results (or even the outlook) hazardous, in this case we believe the market has been premature and excessive in its derating of these stocks which have sold off to similar levels as the WFE names such as Tokyo Electron (8035 JP) and Robotics names such as Fanuc Corp (6954 JP).
While it is possible that Komatsu Ltd (6301 JP), Hitachi Construction Machinery (6305 JP) and Caterpillar Inc (CAT US) have sold off partly due to their China exposure, it needs to be emphasised that 1) these companies are no longer heavily dependent on China and revenue exposure is 12% for HCM, 10% for CAT and 7% for Komatsu, and 2) while the Chinese market at about 60k excavators is probably close to the top of its cycle, it is not a bubble like in 2010 when it 111k units and thus a collapse in demand is unlikely (though a decline is).
As the table below notes, earnings estimates for the construction machinery companies have only tapered marginally from their peaks, and while find the forecasts for continued growth into 2020 somewhat optimistic the resilience of mining demand means we are disinclined to dismiss them out of hand. On the other hand estimates for WFE and Robot names have dropped significantly, but despite this, share price performance is similar for all three categories of stocks. We discuss this stark discrepancy further below.
Change in 2019 OP Estimate Vs. Peak | Peak OP Estimate Date | Peak to Trough Share Price Change | Share Price Vs. Peak | Peak Share Price Date | |
Caterpillar | -6.4% | Aug 18 | -35.2% | -21.4% | Jan 18 |
Komatsu | -2.1% | Dec 18 | -49.7% | -38.8% | Jan 18 |
Hitachi Construction Machinery | -4.6% | Oct 18 | -50.5% | -41.2% | Feb 18 |
Average | -4.4% | -45.1% | -33.8% | ||
ASML | -10.1% | Jan 19 | -31.2% | -14.4% | Jul 18 |
Applied Materials | -38.4% | Apr 18 | -53.2% | -36.8% | Mar 18 |
LAM Research | -28.7% | Apr 18 | -46.4% | -21.3% | Mar 18 |
Tokyo Electron | -36.6% | Jul 18 | -49.9% | -32.4% | Nov 17 |
Average | -28.5% | -45.2% | -26.2% | ||
Fanuc | -44.7% | Mar 18 | -52.9% | -42.4% | Jan 18 |
Yaskawa | -34.7% | Mar 18 | -58.5% | -47.0% | Jan 18 |
Harmonic Drive Systems | -43.2% | May 18 | -65.9% | -49.3% | Jan 18 |
Average | -40.9% | -59.1% | -46.2% |
2. Kosaido TOB (7868 JP) Situation Gets Weird – Activists and Independent Opposition to an MBO.
When the Tender Offer / MBO for Kosaido Co Ltd (7868 JP) was announced last month, my first reaction was that this was wrong. It was couched as being management-supportive, had one large independent shareholder agreeing to tender, and the it was touted as an effort to improve the printing and other “info” businesses such as staffing, and similar.
There was no mention of the fact that 94+% of the profits the last few years came from a majority stake in an external company which conducted funeral rites and services across a well-known chain of six large funeral parlours in Tokyo. Neither that company’s name nor the business segment it operates in were mentioned in the document (Japanese only) announcing the intention to conduct the MBO and if you look on the Kosaido website, you have to dig somewhat deeply to figure out that it is even a thing. In the company’s quarterly statements and semi-annual presentations of earnings, there is one line with revenues. One has to go into the fine print of the yukashoken hokokusho to discover more, and if one does, one sees that it is the profitable funeral parlour business which is effectively being purchased at 0.5x book and the rest of the company is being purchased at 1x book.
I published my original opinion in Smallcap Kosaido (7868 JP) Tender Offer: Wrong Price But Whaddya Gonna Do? suggesting that the only way this was likely to not get done is if some brave activist came forward. I concluded…
This is a virtual asset strip in progress. It is the kind of thing which gives activist hedge funds a bad name, but when cloaked in the finery of “Private Equity”, it looks like renewal of a business.
This company is an example of why investors should be spending more time on their stewardship and the governance of their portfolio companies.
It is also why investors should be taking a very close look at the METI request for public comment on what constitutes “Fair M&A.”
It is a decent premium but an underwhelming valuation. Because of the premium, and its smallcap nature, I expect this gets done.
If deals like this start to not get done, that would be a bullish sign. Investors will finally be taking the blinders off to unfair M&A practices.
Shortly afterwards, an activist did come forward. Long-time Japan activist Yoshiaki Murakami bought 5% through his entity Reno KK, and later lifted his stake (combined with affiliates) to 9.55%. I thought the stock had run too far at that point (¥775/share). While still cheap, I did not expect Bain to lift its price by 30+% and I did not expect a white knight to arrive quickly enough. This was discussed in Kosaido: Activism Drives Price 30+% Through Terms.
The New News
In the wee hours of Monday 18 February, with 11 days left to the Tender Offer, toyokeizai.net published an article (partially paywalled) suggesting that the longstanding external auditor Mr. Nakatsuji and lead shareholder Sakurai Mie (descendent of the founder of Kosaido, who originally founded a company called 桜井謄写堂 (Sakurai Transcription) in 1949, which later became Sakurai Kosaido, then just Kosaido) were against the takeover.
THAT is interesting. And the backstory here is even more interesting.
3. Aruhi Placement – Bigger than the IPO but Good Track Record and Price Performance Should Help
Carlyle, along with SBI, plans to sell the rest of its stake in Aruhi Corp (7198 JP) for around US$280m.
Aruhi listed in Dec 2017, when Carlyle sold 18m shares. This is the second and final tranche of shares owned by Carlyle. The total sale accounts for 41% of the company’s outstanding shares making it a relatively large deal to digest.
However, the shares have done well since listing and the stock scores well on our framework. Valuations appear reasonable, if the company is able to achieve its mid-term targets.
4. FANCL: Playing the Long Game
- The declining and ageing population in Japan has been a major cause for concern to many Japanese companies.
- Fancl Corp (4921 JP), is a relatively small player in the Japanese cosmetics and nutritional supplements space who is expected to benefit from the declining and ageing population.
- Compared to the peer average, EV/Sales discount narrowed down significantly over the course of the last year. But we believe the discount remains the same on a growth adjusted basis.
- Still too small for institutional investors to notice. But we expect them to start noticing the company over the coming years.
- One of the cheapest stocks on a long term forward multiple, as we expect FANCL to sustain its high growth over a long period of time.
We are not sure if Fancl Corp (4921 JP) can ever be in the same league as Shiseido or Kao, but we certainly believe the company doesn’t deserve to be about 10% of the size of Shiseido. Thus, we have a very long-term bullish view on FANCL and expect to see the company’s market cap to double over the next 5-7 years
5. Pepper Food Services 4QFY2018 Results: Burnt, But a Lesson Learnt
On Thursday the 14th Feb 2019, Pepper Food Service (3053 JP) announced its results for FY2018 and the guidance for both 1HFY2019 and FY2019. The company managed to grow its revenue by an impressive 75.3% YoY outperforming its own estimate by 6.4%.
However, the gross profit only grew by 69.9% during the year as the gross margin slipped 137bps in FY2018 driven by higher energy prices and wages. Higher wages were due to active recruitment of foreign workers within the food service industry which created a supply shortage. To tackle increasing costs, towards the end of the year, Ikinari Steak restaurants increased the prices of its steak. We believe the margin recovery witnessed in 4Q2018 was a direct result of this price increase.
Gross Margin Showing Signs of Recovery
Pepper Food Services saw its EBIT margin decline by 20bps to 6.1% in FY2018, as revenue growth offset most of the gross margin drop through gains from operating leverage. However, its restaurants in New York City continued to underperform. The company expected those restaurants to turn a corner and start contributing to the overall EBIT from FY2018, however, those restaurants failed miserably and continued to drag the overall EBIT margin down. Hence, the company failed to meet its EBIT margin forecast with EBIT falling 4.6% short of company guidance.
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