Brief Indonesia: Widodo Withstands Prabowo’s Debate Pressure / BI Hints at Lower 1Q CAD / Gerindra Prepares Dispute and more

In this briefing:

1. Widodo Withstands Prabowo’s Debate Pressure / BI Hints at Lower 1Q CAD / Gerindra Prepares Dispute
2. Battery Technology- The Key To An Electric Vehicle Future
3. More Volatility in the LNG Markets as JKM Drops Below TTF – Oil Majors Increase Exposure to US LNG
4. Malaysian Telcos: Look for Improvements to Continue in 2019.
5. What Next in the Inflation / Deflation Debate and What Does It Mean for Asset Prices?

1. Widodo Withstands Prabowo’s Debate Pressure / BI Hints at Lower 1Q CAD / Gerindra Prepares Dispute

Prabowo performed forcefully in the 30 March presidential debate, but Widodo remained unflustered and debunked the Gerindra chair’s particularly dark realpolitik vision.  Prabowo fell ill later in the week but apparently recovered, and a major rally will occur in Jakarta on 7 April.  But virtually all polls show Widodo maintaining his large lead through mid-March and no developments seem likely to alter the standings.  But if Widodo’s 17 April margin of victory is unexpectedly narrow, Prabowo campaign officials seem certain to allege fraud and contest the outcome.  This scenario would present prolonged tension and uncertainty through 8 August. 

Politics: Gerindra Chair Prabowo Subianto missed three successive campaign appearances due to an unspecified malady (Page 2).  Supporters of Prabowo – namely, his brother Hashim Djojohadikusumo and the National Mandate Party (Pan) founder Amien Rais – warned of potential electoral fraud and threatened to mobilize “people power” after election day.  This highlights the importance of Widodo winning by a wide margin, lest a narrow victory lends credence to claims of fraud (p. 2).  Prabowo pressured President Joko Widodo more aggressively in the fourth presidential debate on 30 March, but he also lost his temper and appeared condescending – while Widodo coolly parried incessant jabs.  Prabowo sought to portray Widodo as being innocently out of touch with harsh realities in security, diplomacy and governance.  He depicted foreigners – including diplomats, journalists and investors – as duplicitous, disrespectful and untrustworthy.  For his part, Widodo chided Prabowo for being fearful and lacking confidence in Indonesian institutions, especially the military.  Prabowo insisted that willful leadership is essential to make Indonesia strong, prosperous and self‑sufficient.  He closed by reiterating his pledge to end food imports.  While his display of mettle may help his appeal among some voters, his bluster – debunked with effect by Widodo – may have alienated others (p. 3).  While scrutinizing the Golkar parliamentarian Bowo Pangarso regarding dealings with a state fertilizer firm, personnel from the Anti-Corruption Commission (KPK) discovered Rp8 billion in his company’s basement – neatly sorted in 400,000 envelopes.  He was allegedly preparing a vote‑buying operation in his Central Java electoral district (p. 13). 

Surveys: Indobarometer corroborated findings from other polls and measured Widodo’s lead at 18 percentage points as of mid‑March (p. 14). 

Security: Counter‑terror police apprehended a figure in West Java whom they suspect is a leader of the formidable Jemaah Ansharut Daulah (JAD) terrorist group (p. 15). 

Economics: A Bank Indonesia (BI) deputy governor cited the possibility of a significantly lower current account deficit for the first quarter of 2019, but warned that it could widen again in the second quarter (p. 16).  Oil production fell short of the government’s target again (p. 16).  

Jakarta: The public works minister openly rebuked Governor Anies Baswedan for making no progress on a ‘naturalization’ project to rectify drainage in the Ciliwung River.  Baswedan has refused to evict riverbank squatters who obstruct the work (p. 16). 

2. Battery Technology- The Key To An Electric Vehicle Future

The Insight is structured as follows:

• A. Key  Conclusions
• B. Report Highlights
• C.History of Electric Vehicles
• E. History of Rechargeable Battery Technologies And An In-Depth Analysis on Li-ion Batteries
• F. Batteries Beyond Li-ion
• G. Supply Constraints for Key Raw Materials
• H. The Competitive Landscape

A. Key  Conclusions

Global sales of EV’s reached 2m units in 2018. As a base case scenario, we expect a combination of improving EV battery cost-effectiveness, increasingly challenging emissions standards and ongoing incentives by various governments to propel unit sales to 8m units annually by 2025. Against this, we consider battery material price increases, a reduction of EV incentives in the US and China and political and environmental risks from the mining of metals used in batteries as downside risks which could delay the growth of the EV market.

Surprisingly, the EV battery technology that will drive us towards that 8m unit goal is still very much a work in progress. While Lithium Ion is the by far the dominant technology, there are striking differences between variants of the technology, battery pack design, battery management systems and manufacturing scale between the leading contenders. Furthermore, while there’s nothing on the horizon to completely displace Lithium Ion within the next decade, it remains unclear whether the technology will be the one to achieve the $100/kWh price target that would make the EV cost-neutral compared to its internal combustion predecessors. 

Quite apart from the technology,  the EV battery segment faces other significant challenges including increasing costs for core materials such as Cobalt, increasing safety concerns as the mix of that very same cobalt is reduced in the cathode, the growing risk of litigation amidst a fiercely competitive environment and last but not least, the appetite of various governments to maintain a favourable subsidy framework. 

3. More Volatility in the LNG Markets as JKM Drops Below TTF – Oil Majors Increase Exposure to US LNG

The JKM has halved its value since December, continuing its steady decline and dropping below the TTF, the benchmark for European LNG prices. Asian LNG spot prices are now at their lowest level since May 2015. While a prolonged LNG price downturn could force many projects to be cancelled, the winners among the developers are starting to emerge, aggressively pushing ahead their projects closer to the final investment decision.

Both Tellurian Inc (TELL US) and NextDecade Corp (NEXT US) signed high-profile deals, respectively with Total Sa (FP FP) and Royal Dutch Shell (RDSA LN), that could significantly de-risk their proposed LNG projects and increase the probability to reach FID in 2019. In Russia, LNG newcomer Novatek PJSC (NVTK LI) agreed two long-term offtake deals with Repsol SA (REP SM) and Vitol thereby moving a step closer to FID its Arctic LNG 2 project.

4. Malaysian Telcos: Look for Improvements to Continue in 2019.

The 4Q18 numbers released by the Malaysia wireless operators, showed stable trends vs 3Q. Market service revenue growth of -1.1% YoY was stable, with Maxis (MAXIS MK) the only operator able to slightly increase its market share (again). While 2H18 marked a small break in the Malaysian wireless sector recovery, guidance for 2019 looks broadly encouraging.

• Axiata (AXIATA MK) expects a “promising 2019” with revenue and profit growth momentum (across the board),
• Maxis guides for a slight improvement of revenues, albeit with EBITDA declining due to new business opportunities, and
• DIGI (DIGI MK) which is a bit more cautious, expects flat revenues.

Data usage is already very high in Malaysia, but we expect growth to continue (at a slower pace) supported by youthful demographics (younger people use more video on mobile). The Malaysian operators have done a reasonable job at monetizing data growth so far. 

Chris Hoare turned more positive on Malaysian telcos in early 2019 as affordability has improved and there is a new profitable growth opportunity in fibre wholesale (with Telekom Malaysia (T MK) being forced to offer at low prices). Operating trends have also improved and we expect this to continue. In January, we upgraded Axiata to Buy and both Maxis and Digi to Neutral. None of them are “cheap” with Maxis (MAXIS MK) and DIGI (DIGI MK) on 11-13x EV:EBITDA, and Axiata on a more reasonable 6.5x.

5. What Next in the Inflation / Deflation Debate and What Does It Mean for Asset Prices?

Despite some signs of stabilization in China’s factory gauges the primary trend is still weakness and it might be rash for investors to read too much into the recent data given the apparent weakness in the Eurozone and the moderation form a high level of growth in the United States.  Quantitative tightening is on hold in the United States but a sharp “U-turn” to easing has not happened yet and is politically embarrassing. As inflation falls real rates are rising. Housing markets are showing signs of price weakness. Investors need to watch for signs of credit quality decay that could be an indicator of the next period of severe financial distress.