Daily India: Wanted: A 21st Century Monetary Theory and more

In this briefing:

1. Wanted: A 21st Century Monetary Theory
2. Polycab India Limited Pre-IPO – Market Leader with Steady Growth but with a Few Unanswered Question
3. India Policy Rates – Case For A Cut Builds
4. HDFC Bank – Quarterly Credit Deterioration
5. Global Banks: Why Buy High Into Popular and Fashionable Banks and Markets? Be Contrarian and Buy Low

1. Wanted: A 21st Century Monetary Theory

The globe is facing more than an ordinary business cycle.

Joseph C. Sternberg, editorial-page editor and European political-economy columnist for the Wall Street Journal’s European edition, recently interviewed Claudio Borio, head of the Monetaryand Economic Department of the BIS. Mr. Borio said that politicians have relied far too much on central banks, which are constrained by economic theories that offer little meaningful guidance on how to sustain growth and financial stability. The only tool they have is an interest rate that can affect output in the short run but ends up affecting only inflation in the end.

2. Polycab India Limited Pre-IPO – Market Leader with Steady Growth but with a Few Unanswered Question

Polycab India (POLY IN) plans to raise around US$280m in its IPO through a mix of selling primary and secondary shares. It is the largest manufacturer of wires and cables in India with a 12% market share, as per CRISIL research. The company has also recently entered the consumer electrical segments. 

Sales growth has been decent while margin expansion has helped the company to report much higher PATMI growth. Although, cash flow from operations has lagged earnings growth as working capital requirements have been volatile. In addition, receivables quality seems to be deteriorating. To add to that the rationale for the dealers and employees rationalization hasn’t been clearly explained.

In this insight, I’ve covered the above points, compared the company to its listed peers and commented on valuations. Should the deal be offered at multiples close to its wires and cables peers, it might still be interesting.

3. India Policy Rates – Case For A Cut Builds

A cut in interest rates is coming. The case is compelling. Headline inflation is easing and is now running well below the RBI’s forecasts. System non-performing loans have peaked while the trade deficit is narrowing meaning the central can afford some largess. Given where real lending rates are and the fragility of the corporate profit cycle, lower policy rates would welcome and a positive of the India growth story. We reiterate our overweight Indian equities call.

4. HDFC Bank – Quarterly Credit Deterioration

The beloved bank reported exceptionally high growth in non-performing assets (NPAs) rising from INR111bn to INR119, from 2Q19 to 3Q19. And this is flattered, as it is after write-offs.  Its doubtful 3 loans, rose by 33% in the quarter. The bank’s additions to NPAs during the period, also increased – a more objective figure, before write-offs. The figure was INR40bn in 1Q19: INR39bn in 2Q19; and rose to INR46bn in 3Q19. This is not data that we expect most analysts to focus on, as much lays hidden in the bank’s Pillar 3 disclosure. The result of deteriorating credit metrics: 21% higher growth in credit costs QoQ and 64% YoY in 3Q19.

5. Global Banks: Why Buy High Into Popular and Fashionable Banks and Markets? Be Contrarian and Buy Low

Trawling through  >1500 global banks, based on the last quarter of reported Balance Sheets, we apply the discipline of the PH Score™ , a value-quality fundamental momentum screen, plus a low RSI screen, and a low Franchise Valuation (FV) screen to deliver our latest rankings for global banks.

While not all of top decile 1 scores are a buy – some are value traps while others maybe somewhat small and obscure and traded sparsely- the bottom decile names should awaken caution. We would be hard pressed to recommend some of the more popular and fashionable names from the bottom decile. Names such as ICICI Bank Ltd (ICICIBC IN) , Credicorp of Peru, Bank Central Asia (BBCA IJ) and Itau Unibanco Holding Sa (ITUB US) are EM favourites. Their share prices have performed well for an extended period and thus carry valuation risk. They represent pricey quality in some cases. They are not priced for disappointment but rather for hope. Are the constituents of the bottom decile not fertile grounds for short sellers?

Why pay top dollar for a bank franchise given risks related to domestic (let alone global) politics and the economy? Some investors and analysts have expressed “inspiration” for developments in Brazil and Argentina. But Brazilian bonds are now trading as if the country is Investment Grade again. (This is relevant for banks especially). Guedes and co. may deliver on pension/social security reform. If so, prices will become even more inflated. But what happens if they don’t deliver on reform? Why pay top dollar for hope given the ramp up in prices already? Argentina is an even more fragile “hope narrative”. More of a “Hope take 2”. Similar to Brazil, bank Franchise Valuations are elevated. While the current account adjustment and easing inflation are to be expected, the political and social scene will be a challenge. LATAM seems to be “hot” again with investment bankers talking of resilience. But resilience is different from valuation. Banks from Chile, Peru, and Colombia feature in the bottom decile too. If an investor wants to be in these markets and desires bank exposure, surely it makes sense to look for the best value on offer. Grupo Aval Acciones y Valores (AVAL CB) may represent one such opportunity.

Our bottom decile rankings feature a great deal of banks from Indonesia. In a promising market such as Indonesia, given bank valuations, one needs to tread extremely carefully to not end up paying over the odds, to not pay for extrapolation. In addition, India is a susceptible jurisdiction for any bank operating there – no bank is “superhuman” and especially not at the prices on offer for the popular private sector “winners”. Saudi Arabia is another market that suddenly became popular last year. We are mindful of valuations and FX.

Does it not make more sense to look at opportunity in the top decile? While some of the names here will be too small or illiquid (mea culpa), there are genuine portfolio candidates. South Korea stands out in the rankings. Woori Bank (WF US) is top of the rankings after a share price plunge related to a stock overhang but this will pass. Hana Financial (086790 KS) , Industrial Bank of Korea (IBK LX) and DGB Financial Group (139130 KS) are portfolio candidates. Elsewhere, Russia and Vietnam rightly feature while Sri Lanka and Pakistan contribute some names despite very real political and macro risks. We would caution on some of the relatively small Chinese names but recommend the big 4 versus EM peers – they are not expensive. In fact some of the big 4 feature in decile 2 of our rankings. There are many Japanese banks here too. And many, like some Chinese lenders, are cheap for a reason. While the technical picture for Japanese banks is bearish, at some stage selective weeding out of opportunity within Japan’s banking sector may be rewarding. The megabanks are certainly not dear. Europe is another matter. Despite valuations, we are cautious on French lenders and on German consolidation narratives – did a merger of 2 weak banks ever deliver shareholder value? The inclusion of two Romanian banks in the top decile is somewhat of a headscratcher. These are perfectly investable opportunities but share prices have been poor of late.